[article]
| Titre : |
The curse of the mummy : Mysterious tank lining failures in wac vessels |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
Mike O'Donoghue, Auteur ; Vijay Datta, Auteur ; Sean Adlem, Auteur ; Jack Whittaker, Auteur ; Doug Wade, Auteur ; Margaret Pardy, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2016 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 30-41 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Américain (ame) |
| Catégories : |
Analyse des défaillances (fiabilité)
Anticorrosion
Epoxydes
Réservoirs (récipients) -- revêtements protecteurs
Résistance chimique
Revêtements -- Défauts
|
| Index. décimale : |
667.9 Revêtements et enduits |
| Résumé : |
Epoxy lining failures in WAC vessels - This article outlines discoveries made from forensic work to unravel epoxy lining failures in several water treatment weak acid cation (WAC) vessels. In previous work by authors Mike O'Donoghue and Vijay Datte, a forensic investigation of several costly tank lining failures was presented as analogous to an archeological dig wherein anticipation and wonder mounted as the investigation unearthed and unwrapped a "chemical mummy.
Would the present study prove to be similar ? Or would a different type of mummy be discovered in another, and altogether différent, series of tank lining failures. The answer was soon to be discovered in the Canadien ail patch where attention was focused on boiter feed water.
In the treatment of steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) boiler feed water, WAC and strong acid cation (SAC) ion-exchange vessels play an important role in the treatment of process fluids and demineralization of water to generate steam. The service conditions in WAC vessels are more aggressive than those in SAC vessels, with typical SAGD operating temperatures in excess of 93 C (200 F), operating pressures of 40-to-60 psi and a weekly regeneration protocol that consists of approximately 1.5 hours of acid treatment (6-percent hydrochloric acid, HCI) followed by 1.5 hours of caustic treatment (5-percent sodium hydroxide, NaOH). The ion-exchange resin bels in the WAC vessels are not considered overly aggressive when compared to the aggressive regeneration conditions. WAC resins have a carboxylic acid (COOH) functional group and are produced by copolymerizing acrylic acid with divinyl-benzene as a crosslinking agent2.3.
Due to the severity of the conditions in WAC and SAC vessels, high-performance linings must be carefully selected and carefully applied. The expectations are that the linings in WAC vessels should afford corrosion protection for at least 10 years. |
| Note de contenu : |
- WAC AND SAC FLOW PROCESS
- RUBBER LINING FAILURES AND LABORATORY TEST PROGRAM
- SOLVENT-FREE EPOXY (SFE 1) : BEST IN TEST
- APPLICATION OF SFE 1 IN WAC VESSELS : Surface preparation - Application - Dry-film thikcness (DFT)
- THE MYSTERIOUS LINING FAILURE OF SFE 1
- FAILURE ANALYSIS : Observationin the WAC vessels
- DETERMINATION OF BASE-TO-CONVERVER MIX RATIO OF SFE 1 : ATR-FTIR of SPE 1 coating chip and control
- DISCUSSION : Epoxy chemistry of SFE 1 - Application considerations and field observations
- FIGURES : 1. A WAC vessel in service in the Canadian oil patch - 2. Prequalification testing of SFE 1 - 3. Surface blisters on SFE 1 in prequalification testing - SFE 1 in WAC vessels after two years of service
- TABLES : 1. Prequalification immersion testing at 90C of solvent free epoxy, SFE 1 in 10% HCL 10% nadh and process fluids - 2. Prequalification adhesion testing of solvent free-epoxy, SFE 1 - 3. WAC vessel A - Application of SFE 1 - 4. WAC vessel a lined with SFE 1 after 2 years service
|
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=25632 |
in JOURNAL OF PROTECTIVE COATINGS & LININGS (JPCL) > Vol. 33, N° 2 (02/2016) . - p. 30-41
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