[article]
| Titre : |
Versatility of polyurethane polymers : a review |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
Rupanshu Rastogi, Auteur ; Risbabh Dwivedi, Auteur |
| Année de publication : |
2019 |
| Article en page(s) : |
p. 90-100 |
| Note générale : |
Bibliogr. |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Catégories : |
Polyuréthanes
|
| Index. décimale : |
668.9 Polymères |
| Résumé : |
Polyurethanes, because of their versatility are materials of choice which can satisfy multi-purpose design objectives. They can be tailor-made to fit into applications where advanced performance standards respond to the expectations and needs of sustainable development. The applications of polyurethane coatings, foams, fibers, moldings, and elastomers demonstrate the versatility of urethane chemistry and the creativity of polymer researchers. Clearly, modification of the raw materials and production process through proper methods can produce PUs that is suitable for varied specific applications. The paper discusses the synthesis of polyurethane polymers, the raw materials used and types. The general manufacturing process has also been included for better understanding. Furthermore, information is provided on the environmental friendliness of the PUs and its advancement. |
| Note de contenu : |
- Polyurethane synthesis : Raw materials requird
- Isocyanates
- Polyols
- Catalysts
- Chain extenders
- Surfactants
- Versatile reactions of diisocyanates
- Thermoplastic polyurethanes
- Coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE)
- Foamed polyurethanes : Rigid polyurethane fomas - Flexible polyurethane
- Waterborne polyurethanes
- Polyurethanes ionomers
- The manufacturing process : Polymer reactions - Processing - Manufacturing of polyurethane resin dispersions - Acetone process - Prepolymer mixing process - Melt emulsification process
- Applications : Advantages - Disadvantages and limitations - Automotive - Furniture - Construction - Thermal insulation - Footwear
- Recent development
- Fig. 1 : Worldwide PU production and an estimated forecast up to 2020
- Fig. 2 : Urethane group
- Fig. 3 : Condensation of a polyisocyanate and a polyol
- Fig. 4 : Isocyanates monomers
- Fig. 5 : Comparison of basic polyol structures
- Fig. 6 : Primary addition reactions of isocyanate with (a) amine, (b) water, (c) alcohol, (d) carboxylic acid, (e) urea
- Fig. 7 : Secondary addition reactions of isocyanate with (a) polyurethane, (b) polyurea and (c) polyamide
- Fig. 8 : Self-addition reactions of isocyanate
- Fig. 9 : Scanning electron micrograph showing the closed cells of rigid foam
- Fig. 10 : Scanning electron micrograph showing the open cells of flexible foam
- Fig. 11 : A diagram depicting the manufacturing processes used to create rigid polyurethane foam insulation
- Fig. 12 : Prepolymer mixing process
- Fig. 13 : Scheme for prepolymer mixing process
- Fig. 14 : Scheme for melt emulsification process
- Fig. 15 : Property madrix of polyurethanes
- Fig. 16 : Scheme for manufacturing non isocyanate polymers
- Fig. 17 : General methods of producing non-isocyanate polyurethanes
- Fig. 18 : Scheme for developing polyols based on vegetable oils
- Table 1 : The NCO equivalent weight can be calculated from the % NCO (equation 2) and the OH equivalent weight from either the %OH or the OH number (equation 3)
- Table 2 : Basic raw materials for polyurethane synthesis |
| En ligne : |
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jrpbjAqBxEgJq30u0rm-hDOt2c-8DiWp/view?usp=share [...] |
| Format de la ressource électronique : |
Pdf |
| Permalink : |
https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32632 |
in PAINTINDIA > Vol. LXIX, N° 4 (04/2019) . - p. 90-100
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Versatility of polyurethane polymers : a review in PAINTINDIA, Vol. LXIX, N° 4 (04/2019)
