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Correlation of hardness with mfft and cpvc of latex / ceramic coatings / Ming Lei in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 75, N° 945 (10/2003)
[article]
Titre : Correlation of hardness with mfft and cpvc of latex / ceramic coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ming Lei, Auteur ; L. E. Scriven, Auteur ; Lorraine F. Francis, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : p. 95-102 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acétate de vinyle L'acétate de vinyle est l'ester de l'acide acétique (acide éthanoïque) avec le tautomère alcoolique de l'éthanal (acétaldéhyde) et de formule semi-développée, CH3COO–CH=CH2.
L'acétate de vinyle est préparé, en règle générale, en phase vapeur, en faisant réagir un grand excès d'acétylène sur de l'acide acétique (200 °C) en présence de catalyseurs au zinc et au cadmium). On obtient un liquide incolore à odeur très pénétrante qui ne se polymérise en polyacétate de vinyle (PVAC) qu'en présence de catalyseurs et donne des solides durs très stables à la chaleur. Il peut être copolymérisé avec d'autres composés vinyliques ou d'autres monomères.
Alumine
Composites
Concentration pigmentaire volumique
Dispersions et suspensions
Dureté VickersLa mesure de dureté Vickers se fait avec une pointe pyramidale normalisée en diamant de base carrée et d'angle au sommet entre faces égal à 136°. L'empreinte a donc la forme d'un carré ; on mesure les deux diagonales d1 et d2 de ce carré à l'aide d'un appareil optique. On obtient la valeur d en effectuant la moyenne de d1 et d2. C'est d qui sera utilisé pour le calcul de la dureté. La force et la durée de l'appui sont également normalisées.
Essai de dureté
Formulation (Génie chimique)
Latex
Microstructures
Particules (matières)
Polyacétate de vinyle
Porosité
Revêtement de céramique
Solutions aqueuses (chimie)Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Hardness, porosity, and microstructure of film-forming in polyvinyl acetate/alumina coatings from aqueous suspensions were investigated with a minimum film formation temperature (MFFT) bar, Vickers hardness tester, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hardness of opaque composite coatings (alumina:latex = 1:2 by volume) increased abruptly at the MFFT of the latex, suggesting that the alumina particles did not change the latex film formation behavior and that the hardness measurement is an alterative to the optical criterion. Studies of coatings from latex particles that were smaller or larger than a common size of ceramic particles indicated that the composition of maximum hardness, called critical Vickers hardness concentration (CVHC), matched conventional critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC). More efficient polymer binding in the coatings from the smaller latex gave them higher peak hardness and CPVC. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5563
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 75, N° 945 (10/2003) . - p. 95-102[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 000570 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM / Cheng-Le Zhao in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 3, N° 2 (04/2006)
[article]
Titre : Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cheng-Le Zhao, Auteur ; L. E. Scriven, Auteur ; H. Ted Davis, Auteur ; Haiyan Ge, Auteur ; Alan Smith, Auteur ; Shane J. Stafslien, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 109-115 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Colloides
Composés organiques volatils
Copolymères greffés
Floculation
Latex
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Morphologie (matériaux)
Oxyde d'éthylèneL'oxyde d'éthylène, ou 1,2-époxyéthane, oxyde de diméthylène, oxacyclopropane, ou encore oxirane est un composé organique, le plus simple de la classe des époxydes. Il est important pour l'industrie chimique, entre autres dans la production d'éthylène glycol, ainsi que dans les industries pharmaceutique et agroalimentaire.
Polyacryliques
Polyméthacrylate de butyle
Revêtements en bâtiment:Peinture en bâtiment
Revêtements en phase aqueuse:Peinture en phase aqueuse
Stabilité thermiqueIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-006-0013-6 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-006-0013-6.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3701
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 3, N° 2 (04/2006) . - p. 109-115[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 004551 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Drying and collapse of hollow latex / C. M. Cardinal in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 6, N° 4 (12/2009)
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Titre : Drying and collapse of hollow latex Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. M. Cardinal, Auteur ; L. E. Scriven, Auteur ; Lorraine F. Francis, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p. 457-469 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Corps creux
Latex
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Polymères opaques
Revêtement -- Séchage:Peinture -- SéchageIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Hollow latex particles are used as white pigments for paints and paper coatings. In the coating dispersion, each hollow particle is filled with water. As the coating dries, water vacates the latex, leaving an air-filled void sized to scatter light (~0.5 µm) within each particle. Examinations of dried coatings reveal that hollow particles can collapse, decreasing their light scattering efficiency. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryoSEM) was used to characterize the microstructure of coatings containing hollow latex during drying. Images suggest latex voids empty after air invades into the coating interstitial space and collapse occurs late in the drying process. The effects of temperature (10–60°C), humidity (20–80%), and binder concentration (0–30 wt%) on particle collapse were also studied through SEM of dried coating surfaces. High drying temperature, high humidity, and low binder concentrations promoted collapse. For hollow latex particles with porous shell walls, temperature and humidity had little effect, whereas binder increased collapse. From these results, a theoretical model is proposed. During drying, diffusion of water from the particle creates a vacuum inside the latex. The vacuum is either relieved by nucleation of a gas bubble from the dissolved air in the water-filled particle or it causes the particle to collapse by buckling. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-009-9167-3 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-009-9167-3.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7721
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 6, N° 4 (12/2009) . - p. 457-469[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 011845 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Reduction of air bubbles in spray-applied coatings / Matthew S. Gebhard in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT), Vol. 66, N° 830 (03/1994)
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Titre : Reduction of air bubbles in spray-applied coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Matthew S. Gebhard, Auteur ; L. E. Scriven, Auteur Année de publication : 1994 Article en page(s) : p. 27-39 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Tags : Peinturage Pulvérisation 'Bulle air' 'Peinture eau' Défaut 'Etude expérimentale' 'Photographie rapide' 'Technique vidéo' Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Microfoam (i.e., tiny (10 μm) air bubbles) in spray-applied coatings is a frequently encountered problem which may be aggravated in water-based coatings. This paper describes recent work to understand the dynamics of the microfoam formation and dissipation process. The data indicate that the majority of microfoam does not form by the splashing of atomized drops on the building liquid film. In fact, the atomized drops arrive at the substrate with numerous air bubbles, and poor atomization is observed to be a key to the problem. It is found that air bubbles dissipate through a dissolution mechanism and not the generally accepted rise and rupture mechanism. The dissolution is driven by surface tension and is mediated by diffusion through the liquid. The experimental data are found to agree with the Epstein and Plesset model, with lower diffusion coefficients, lower air solubility, and lower surface tension reducing the dissolution rate. This study has led to a novel solution to the problem and involves using carbon dioxide (CO2) as the driving gas instead of air. It is found that this leads to a significant reduction in entrapped air in conventional, high volume low pressure (HVLP), and air-assisted airless spray techniques. This approach is found to work because of the much higher solubility of CO2 in water versus air in water. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : High-speed video microscopy - High-speed photography - Dissolution measurements - Determination of diffusion coefficients - Spray applications using CO2 and air
- RESULTS AND ANALYSIS : High-speed video microscopy - High-speed photography - Microfoam dissipation in spray-applied coatings - Dissolution measurements - Determination of diffusion coefficients - Spray applications using CO2 and airPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18606
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY (JCT) > Vol. 66, N° 830 (03/1994) . - p. 27-39[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 003464 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible 003477 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Exclu du prêt Role of van der Waals force in latex film formation / Xiaobo Gong in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 5, N° 3 (09/2008)
[article]
Titre : Role of van der Waals force in latex film formation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiaobo Gong, Auteur ; H. Ted Davis, Auteur ; L. E. Scriven, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 271-283 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Coalescence (Sciences physiques)
Colloides
Emulsions
Formation de film
Latex
Microscopie électronique à balayage
Revêtements -- Propriétés physiques
Séchage
Van der Waals, Forces deIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Capillary pressure force and direct surface tension force are known to be sufficient though probably not necessary to drive the compaction stage of latex film formation. There is abundant evidence that van der Waals force can draw particles together progressively more around the perimeters of interparticle contacts, but their role in compaction remains unanswered. With the powerful technique of high-resolution cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), together with fast-freezing and freeze-drying followed by controlled annealing at temperatures below and around the nominal glass transition temperature, we have documented the role of van der Waals force in film formation in the water-free condition, i.e., with capillary pressure and surface tension forces absent. Results of imaging the freeze-dried and annealed coatings are fully consistent with the hypothesis that van der Waals force alone can compact a latex coating. The rate at which particles flatten and thus the coating compacts by annealing increases, as expected, with temperature and time. The results of rewetting tests of coatings annealed at various temperatures demonstrate that compacted coating is not necessarily coalesced, and that even full compaction of solid particles can be elastic, hence reversible, rather than viscoelastic or viscoplastic. Some of the results suggest that soluble ionic surfactant and oligomeric and grafted polymeric stabilizers at particle surfaces, collapse to undetectable dimensions during freeze-drying, yet reswell to detectable size during rewetting, if they have not dissolved into polymer particles during. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-008-9095-7 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-008-9095-7.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2972
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 010633 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible