Artificial neural networks for colour prediction in leather dyeing on the basis of a tristimulus system / Malathy Jawahar in COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 131, N° 1 (02/2015)  

[article]  inCOLORATION TECHNOLOGY > Vol. 131, N° 1 (02/2015) . - p. 48-57 Titre : Artificial neural networks for colour prediction in leather dyeing on the basis of a tristimulus system Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Malathy Jawahar, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; Mehta Kondamudi Manobhai, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 48-57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Couleur Couleur -- Analyse Echantillonnage Essais (technologie) Prévision, Théorie de la Qualité -- Contrôle Réseaux neuronaux (informatique) Teinture -- Fibres textiles Index. décimale : 667.3 Teinture et impression des tissus Résumé : Computer-assisted colour prediction and quality control have become increasingly important to the dyeing process in many consumer goods manufacturing industries, including textile and leather. The most challenging aspect concerns dye recipe prediction for the production of the required shade on a given substrate. Computer recipe prediction based on the conventional and widely used Kubelka–Munk model often fails under a variety of conditions. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to develop an artificial neural network model to predict colour in terms of tristimulus values (X, Y, Z) given the concentration of dyes. An artificial neural network model was trained with 300 pairs of known input vectors, i.e. dye concentrations, and output vectors, i.e. colour parameters, using a backpropagation algorithm. The artificial neural network topology consists of three neurons in the input layer to represent the concentration of dyes, three neurons in the output layer to represent the tristimulus values X, Y, and Z, and five neurons in the hidden layer with a log-sigmoid transfer function. The artificial neural network results showed a good level of colour prediction during the training and testing phase. The results also indicate that the artificial neural network has the potential to give better predictive performance than the conventional Kubelka–Munk model. Note de contenu : - INTRODUCTION : Conventional colour prediction model (the Kubelka-Munk model) - Neural network and colour prediction - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Leather sample preparation - Colour analysis - Database generation for the Kubelka-Munk model - Artificial neural network design - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Conventional colour prediction using the Kubelka-Munk model - ANN design optimisation - Artificial neural network training - Validation of the Kubelka-Munk and artificial neural network models DOI : 10.1111/cote.12123 En ligne : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cote.12123 Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=22983 [article]

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Azardirachta indica : A green material for curing of hides and skins in leather processing / Vasudevan Preethi in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 7 (07/2006)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CI, N° 7 (07/2006) . - p. 266-273 Titre : Azardirachta indica : A green material for curing of hides and skins in leather processing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vasudevan Preethi, Auteur ; Veerapan Rathinasamy, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; Praveen Kumar Sehgal, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 266-273 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : TAMIL N Common salt (Sodium chloride) in solid form is extensively used in preservation of raw hides and skins. A large quantity of this material is discharged in the liquid effluent as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) during soaking operation in leather processing. In Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, we have attempted to replace common salt with an herbal-based formulation prepared using Azardirachta indica (common Indian name - Neem) in preservation of raw goatskins. After successful trials in CLRI, the material has been successfully field tested at a rural location in India where large quantity of goatskins is collected by local people for trading. The physical, chemical and subjective assessment of wet blues and crust leathers from the skins prepared with this material compare favorably with salt preserved skins. Use of Azardirachta indica in preservation also offers considerable reduction of TDS in liquid tannery effluent and material after the usage can be scrapped off from the skins and composted to get garden manure, thereby offering a better solution for its disposal. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bxztT4KNjHQrcOZCVy7C4jqzYHeZ36Mz/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=3996 [article]

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Beamhouse and tanning operations : process chemistry revisited / T. Ramasami in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 83, N° 1 (01-02/1999)

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 83, N° 1 (01-02/1999) . - p. 39-45 Titre : Beamhouse and tanning operations : process chemistry revisited Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Ramasami, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; K. Parthasarathi, Auteur ; P. G. Rao, Auteur ; P. Saravanan, Auteur ; R. Gayathri, Auteur ; Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p. 39-45 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Leather processing technologies are under critical review in recent times. Traditional methods in leather processing have involved the use of large amounts of water and chemical inputs. The general practice in tanneries has involved the use of nearly 35-40 litres of water per kilogram of leather processed. Processes have not been audited for utilisation of chemical inputs. In some cases, the utilisation levels of chemicals employed fall in the ranges of 40-75 % . Such non-optimum use of chemical and water input has led to problems in both cost effectiveness due to material loss and pollution from unused chemicals. It has become essential that the beamhouse and tanning processes are audited for their environmental loads. Whereas there is sufficient awareness in leather processing industries regarding the costs of compliance with national environmental regulatory norms, the potential benefits of cleaner production technologies with respect to cost saving are not fully understood. Further, with increasing inventory costs, audit of beamhouse and tanning processes is becoming crucial. Process time in leather making operations is influenced by several physico-chemical parameters. One of the major factors influencing process time of beamhouse and tanning operations in leather processing is the duration needed for diffusion of materials. A re-visit to the chemistry of beamhouse and tanning operations at this critical juncture is worthwhile. An attempt has been made in this work to critically review the process chemistry and discuss possible improvement options. Some case studies are presented in this work where reduction of BOD and COD levels by 30-40 %, Total Dissolved Solids by 25-35 %, sulphide by 50-60 % and chromium by 98-99 % has been achieved under real field conditions through improved beamhouse and tanning operations. Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7856 [article]

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Carbon dioxide deliming - an environmentally friendly option for indian tanneries / H. Purushotham in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 77, N° 6 (11-12/1993)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 77, N° 6 (11-12/1993) . - p. 183-187 Titre : Carbon dioxide deliming - an environmentally friendly option for indian tanneries Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : H. Purushotham, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; J. K. Khanna, Auteur ; K. V. Raghavan, Auteur Année de publication : 1993 Article en page(s) : p. 183-187 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : This paper reviews the current knowledge of carbon dioxide deliming technology and highlights the efforts of CLRI to adapt the technology to Indian conditions and the results obtained on pilot plant scale. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/14FcfvfdI4xd_Sd-7F22ar9zl1OCSNmYd/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8428 [article]

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Chromium-keratin tanning compound - preparation, characterization and application in tanning process / R. Karthikeyan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 5 (05/2012)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVII, N° 5 (05/2012) . - p. 149-158 Titre : Chromium-keratin tanning compound - preparation, characterization and application in tanning process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Karthikeyan, Auteur ; Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan, Auteur ; Praveen Kumar Sehgal, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 149-158 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation Chrome Cuirs et peaux de chèvres kératines La kératine est une protéine, synthétisée et utilisée par de nombreux êtres vivants comme élément de structure, et également l'exemple-type de protéine fibreuse. La kératine est insoluble, et peut être retrouvée sur l'épiderme de certains animaux, notamment les mammifères, ce qui leur garantit une peau imperméable. Parfois, lors d'une friction trop importante, la kératine se développe à la surface de la peau formant une callosité. Les cellules qui produisent la kératine meurent et sont remplacées continuellement. Les morceaux de kératine qui restent emprisonnés dans les cheveux sont couramment appelés des pellicules. La molécule de kératine est hélicoïdale et fibreuse, elle s'enroule autour d'autres molécules de kératine pour former des filaments intermédiaires. Ces protéines contiennent un haut taux d'acides aminés à base de soufre, principalement la cystéine, qui forment un pont disulfure entre les molécules, conférant sa rigidité à l'ensemble. La chevelure humaine est constituée à 14 % de cystéine. Il y a deux principales formes de kératines : l'alpha-kératine, ou α-keratin, présente chez les mammifères notamment, dont l'humain, et la bêta-kératine, ou β-keratin, que l'on retrouve chez les reptiles et les oiseaux. Ces deux types de kératines ne présentent clairement pas d'homologie de séquence. Chez l'être humain, la kératine est fabriquée par les kératinocytes, cellules se trouvant dans la couche profonde de l'épiderme. Les kératinocytes absorbent la mélanine (pigment fabriqué par les mélanocytes), se colorent et ainsi cette pigmentation de l'épiderme permet de protéger les kératinocytes des rayons ultraviolets du Soleil. (Wikipedia) Tannage Tags : 'Tannage  chrome/kératine'  Caractérisation  'Détermination  teneur  chrome'  Basicité  Soufre  'Spectroscopie  transformée  Fourier'  'Masse  molaire'  rayons  X'  'Mesure  couleur'  Prétannage  'Peaux  chèvres'  'Procédure  tannage'  'Stabilité  thermique'  DSC  MALDI-TOF  EDX  'Microscopie  électronique  balayage'  'Dichromate  acidifié' Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : A chromium-keratin tanning compound has been prepared by treating chicken feathers with acidified dichromate. The newly developed chromium-keratin compound contain ~ 17% w/w Cr2O3 and protein content of ~10% w/w. The chromium-keratin compound has been characterized using FT-IR, MALDI-TOF, EDX and computer aided color analysis. Tanning studies have been carried out with goat skins, where the chromium-keratin compound has been used as chrome tanning agent in place of basic chromium sulfate (BCS). The denaturation temperature of chromium-keratin tanned leather analyzed by DSC shows a value of 112°C and the percentage exhaustion of chromium in the tanning bath is greater than 80 percent. Structural and physical characteristics of chromium-keratin compound treated leathers were analyzed using standard techniques and the results were compared with the control leathers tanned with commercial BCS. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials and methods - Development of chromium-keratin compound - Determination of chromium content and basicity - Determination of protein content - Estimation of total sulfur - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) - Determination of molar mass of species in the chromium-keratin compound using MALDI-TOF - Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of chromium-keratin compound - Color measurement analysis - TANNING STUDIES : Pretanning procedure for goat skins - Tanning procedure - Determination of thermal stability by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) - Analysis of spent tan liquors - Post tanning - SEM analysis - Physical testing and visual examination of web blue - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of chicken feathers (CF) on the reduction of Cr(VI) - Chemical characteristics of chromium-keratin compound - FT-IR characterizationof chromium-keratin compound - Molar masses of species present in chromium-keratin compound by MALDI-TOF - Color measurement data - Characteristics of chromium-keratin compound tanned leathers - Scanning electron microscope analysis - Spent liquor analysis - Physical testing data En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iqT9eBfS3WOdIeieYmUU3UH1bPcnQVhP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=15001 [article]

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Correlation of visual and instrumental color measurements to establish color tolerance using regression analysis / Malathy Jawahar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CX, N° 12 (12/2015)  

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Direct chrome liquor recycling under indian conditions : Part 1. Role of chromium species on the quality of the leather / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. C, N° 6 (06/2005)  

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Dry colour prediction of leather from its wet state / Malathy Jawahar in COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 129, N° 4 (08/2013)  

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Eco-friendly enzymatic dehairing using extracellular proteases from a bacillus species isolate / A. Annapurna Raju in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXXXXI, N° 5 (05/1996)  

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Efficient salt recovery and total dissolved solids reduction in leather processing / Vasudevan Preethi in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 4 (04/2006)  

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Electrochemical oxidation and reuse of pickling wastewater from tanneries / S. Sundarapandiyan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIII, N° 11 (11/2008)  

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Elimination of hexavalent chromium in leather using reducing agents / Chandra Babu Narasimhan Kannan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. C, N° 9 (09/2005)  

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Elucidation of probable mechanism for biocidal resistance in skin-borne Bacillus Subtilis / S. Kavitha in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIX, N° 12 (12/2014)  

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Establishing the leather mark as a marketing tool / S. Padmavathi in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 79, N° 3 (05-06/1995)  

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Fe(III)-Cr(III) combination tannage for the production of soft leathers / R. Karthikeyan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CII, N° 12 (12/2007)  

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High exhaust chrome-aluminium combination tanning : Part 1. Optimization of tanning / Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CI, N° 3 (03/2006)  

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Identification and characterization of potential biocide-resistant fungal strains from infested leathers - A systematic study / Kavitha Sundar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXV, N° 2 (02/2020)  

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Instrumental assessment of levelness of dyed materials / Malathy Jawahar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 6 (06/2004)  

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Keratin-silica matrix - A new protein filler from chicken feathers for retanning / R. Karthikeyan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVI, N° 2 (02/2011)  

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Leather species identification based on surface morphological characteristics using image analysis technique / Malathy Jawahar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 8 (08/2016)  

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