An experimental and analytical study on intermittent slot die coating of viscoelastic battery slurries / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015) . - p. 927-938 Titre : An experimental and analytical study on intermittent slot die coating of viscoelastic battery slurries Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Ralf Diehm, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 927-938 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion Enduction par filière Fluides non newtoniens Revêtements:Peinture Viscoélasticité Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Large-scale secondary lithium-ion batteries could be a key technology to compensate for the inconsistent energy supply of renewable sources. However, their manufacture is still very costly. In particular, the intermittent slot die coating of the battery electrodes is the speed-limiting and thus cost-driving process. In this field, various patents have been granted, and most in-house coating equipment was developed in industry. These technologies are often optimized empirically, since intermittent slot die coating is not mentioned in the scientific literature. In this work, we investigate the dominating and limiting mechanisms for intermittent slot die coating of non-Newtonian battery slurries. To characterize the process, we measured the system and die pressure and the associated wet film thickness. To build a common basis for all established technologies, we reduced the coating system to a syringe pump, a bypass valve, and a slot die. Our results show the direct link between casted film and pressure distribution within the coating. To reduce leveling times between the coating and interruption phases of an intermittent coating, a model was developed to predict the optimum pressure levels. It was found that different pressure levels during the coating and interruption phases lead to film break-ups or downstream die swelling, and thus limit the whole process. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-015-9717-9 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-015-9717-9.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24694 [article]

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Analytical determination of process windows for bilayer slot die coating / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015) . - p. 877-887 Titre : Analytical determination of process windows for bilayer slot die coating Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Sebastian Raupp, Auteur ; Dennis Wagner, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 877-887 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion Enduction par filière Fluides non newtoniens Revêtements multicouches Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Slot die coating is a film casting process with a highly diverse variety of everyday applications. As a pre-metered process it not only guarantees excellent film uniformity, but is also suitable for simultaneously applied multilayer coatings. Characteristic singularities like the behavior of the liquid–liquid interface and the impact of the additional mid-lip on film uniformity were already investigated before. However, the effect of an altered gap pressure regime on commonly used coating windows has not yet been discussed. In this work, we therefore extended available single-layer coating windows for Newtonian and power-law liquids to the bilayer case. Here, the emphasis was laid on the air entrainment limit. Subsequently, the theoretical results were compared to experimental data. It was found that the onset of air entrainment strongly depends on the top to bottom film thickness ratio for bilayer coatings. A critical film thickness ratio which delivers similar coating limits as those for single-layer coatings was derived and confirmed by experimentally gained results. Note de contenu : - Calculation of the single-layer coating bead pressure - Calculation of the bilayer coating bead pressure DOI : 10.1007/s11998-015-9701-4 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-015-9701-4.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24688 [article]

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Slot die coating of lithium-ion battery electrodes : investigations on edge effect issues for stripe and pattern coatings / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014) . - p. 57-63 Titre : Slot die coating of lithium-ion battery electrodes : investigations on edge effect issues for stripe and pattern coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 57-63 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion Enduction au rouleau Enduction par filière Revêtements Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : An important step in the production of lithium-ion batteries is the coating of electrodes onto conducting foils. The most frequently used coating method in industry is slot die coating. This process allows the reproducible preparation of thin functional films at high velocities. A phenomenon that is often neglected in scientific studies and has attracted little attention, compared to film stability, is the inevitable presence of edge effects. Film elevations appear at the coating edges and at the start of each single patch during intermittent coating. These superelevations will cause problems at the downstream cell-assembling steps. In this study the influence of dynamic and geometric coating parameters on the shaping of coating edge effects was investigated. A quantitative measurement technique for edge profiles was developed and implemented. Film stretching has been identified in literature as a main reason for edge effects. We could show that varying the coating speed and the gap ratio did not lead to ideal edges, but affected the shape of the coating edges. The elevation height appeared to be independent from the varied process parameters, in the range of investigation. Also the gradient at the very edge of the film was not affected by these parameters. Only the edge width showed a disproportionately increasing trend towards higher applied gap ratios. The results indicate that the approach of film stretching is not sufficient to fully describe the cause of superelevations in lithium-ion battery coatings. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-013-9498-y En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-013-9498-y.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=20616 [article]

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Slot die stripe coating of low viscous fluids / Sebastian M. Raupp in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 15, N° 5 (09/2018)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 15, N° 5 (09/2018) . - p. 899-911 Titre : Slot die stripe coating of low viscous fluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sebastian M. Raupp, Auteur ; Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Anna-Lena Walz ; Ralf Diehm ; Helga Hummel ; Philip Scharfer ; Wilhelm Schabel Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p. 899-911 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Enduction par filière Tags : 'Enduit  de  filière'  'Revêtement  à  rayures'  'Fenêtre  processus'  'Epaisseur  minimale  du  film'  'Limite  supérieure'  'Liquides  peu  visqueux'  'Modèle  pour  l'épandage Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Slot die coating is applied to deposit thin and homogenous films in roll-to-roll and sheet-to-sheet applications. The critical step in operation is to choose suitable process parameters within the process window. In this work, we investigate an upper limit for stripe coatings. This maximum film thickness is characterized by stripe merging which needs to be avoided in a stable process. It is shown that the upper limit reduces the process window for stripe coatings to a major extent. As a result, stripe coatings at large coating gaps and low viscosities are only possible for relatively thick films. Explaining the upper limit, a theory of balancing the side pressure in the gap region in the cross-web direction has been developed. Note de contenu : - Determination of process window - Finally, the following observations for strippe coatings can be stated - A first theoretical approach to explain the experimental findings and an upper limit for stripe coatings - Upper limit and maximum hwet film thickness calculations DOI : 10.1007/s11998-017-0039-y En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-017-0039-y.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31115 [article]

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