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Auteur Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos
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Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia - Vancouver - BC, Canada
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Annular extrudate swell of a fluoropolymer melt / Evan Mitsoulis in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXVII, N° 5 (11/2012)
[article]
Titre : Annular extrudate swell of a fluoropolymer melt Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Evan Mitsoulis, Auteur ; Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 535-546 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Cisaillement (mécanique)
Etat fondu (matériaux)
Fluoropolymères
Rhéologie
Simulation par ordinateur
ViscoélasticitéTags : 'Extrudat annulaire gonflé' 'Polymère fluoré' 'Matrice tubulaire' Rhéologie Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : Annular extrudate swell is studied for a fluoropolymer (FEP) melt using a tubular die. The rheological data of the melt have been fitted using (i) a viscous model (Cross) and (ii) a viscoelastic one (the Kaye – Bernstein, Kearsley, Zapas/Papanastasiou, Scriven, Macosko or K-BKZ/PSM model). Numerical simulations have been undertaken to study the extrudate swell of the FEP melt in an annular die. Compressibility, thermal and pressure effects on viscosity, and slip at the wall were taken into account. In all cases, slip at the wall is the dominant contribution reducing the swelling when compared with corresponding no-slip simulations. The viscous (Cross) simulations show that the swell decreases with increasing apparent shear rate, which is opposite to what happens in the extrusion of viscoelastic melts. On the other hand, the viscoelastic (K-BKZ) simulations correctly obtain increasing swelling with increasing shear (flow) rates. It was found that due to the mild viscoelasticity of FEP and its severe slip at the wall the swelling of this melt is relatively small, reaching values of about 20% for a wide range of apparent shear rates, exceeding 5000 s–1. This is corroborated by experimental observations. Note de contenu : - Experimental
- Governing equations and rheological modelling
- Method of solution
- Numerical resultsDOI : 10.3139/217.2601 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gZurKbIUSVgZqyRz5XWkF122H9o3e5xF/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=16631
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14335 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Appropriate boundary conditions in the flow of molten polymers / Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXV, N° 1 (03/2010)
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Titre : Appropriate boundary conditions in the flow of molten polymers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 55-62 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 668.9 Polymères Résumé : There is considerable experimental evidence that the classical no-slip boundary condition of fluid mechanics is not always a valid assumption for the flow of high molecular weight molten polymers. In fact, molten polymers slip at solid surfaces when the wall shear stress exceeds a critical value. Moreover, there exists a second critical wall shear stress value at which a transition from a weak to a strong slip takes place. The later corresponds to the case of an almost plug flow and it is accompanied by pressure oscillations in the case of capillary flow generated by a constant-speed piston-driven capillary rheometer. The two modes of slip (weak and strong) are due to flow-induced chain detachment/desorption directly from the polymer/wall interface and to chain disentanglement of the polymer chains in the bulk from a monolayer of polymer chains adsorbed at the interface. In this work, the two physical mechanisms of slip are discussed and validated on the basis of suitably analyzed experimental data. Based on these two modes of slip, the slip phenomena observed during the capillary flow of polymers (mainly polyethylenes) are explained including the absence of pressure oscillations in the capillary flow of branched polyethylenes. DOI : 10.3139/217.2304 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ibFqDK63X86UB54h5pFuuPtyMmXArvJA/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8583
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 012006 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Calendering of thermoplastics : models and computations / Evan Mitsoulis in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. 37, N° 4 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Calendering of thermoplastics : models and computations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Evan Mitsoulis, Auteur ; Nickolas D. Polychronopoulos, Auteur ; Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 341-356 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Calandrage Le calandrage est une opération qui consiste à faire passer un matériau entre deux cylindres pour le lisser ou le lustrer, ou pour produire un film ou une feuille. Des matériaux de plus faible épaisseur (produits semi-finis, feuilles, plaques, films, crêpes) peuvent être obtenus par calandrage d'un système thermoplastique ou élastomère entre des cylindres éventuellement chauffants.
Une calandreuse comporte au moins deux rouleaux contrarotatifs, dont l'écartement est ajustable. Plusieurs passages entre les cylindres peuvent être réalisés.
Cette opération est par exemple utilisée pour fabriquer des revêtements de sols et de murs, des nappes, de l'ameublement, de la maroquinerie et des articles gonflables.
Pour les pâtes de faible viscosité, une calandreuse peut servir de mélangeur en formulation.
En papeterie, l'opération de calandrage permet d'obtenir différents états de surface de la feuille de papier, notamment pour les papiers couchés. Selon le degré de calandrage (pression, température de chauffe), le papier sera plus ou moins lissé et brillant.
Calcul
Modèles mathématiques
Simulation par ordinateur
ThermoplastiquesUne matière thermoplastique désigne une matière qui se ramollit (parfois on observe une fusion franche) d'une façon répétée lorsqu'elle est chauffée au-dessus d'une certaine température, mais qui, au-dessous, redevient dure. Une telle matière conservera donc toujours de manière réversible sa thermoplasticité initiale. Cette qualité rend le matériau thermoplastique potentiellement recyclable (après broyage). Cela implique que la matière ramollie ne soit pas thermiquement dégradée et que les contraintes mécaniques de cisaillement introduites par un procédé de mise en forme ne modifient pas la structure moléculaire.Index. décimale : 668.4 Plastiques, vinyles Résumé : John Vlachopoulos (JV) started his polymer processing career with the process of calendering. In two landmark papers with Kiparissides, C. and Vlachopoulos, J. (1976). Finite element analysis of calendering. Polym. Eng. Sci. 16: 712–719; Kiparissides, C. and Vlachopoulos, J. (1978). A study of viscous dissipation in the calendering of power-law fluids. Polym. Eng. Sci. 18: 210–214 he introduced the Finite Element Method (FEM) to solve the governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy based on the Lubrication Approximation Theory (LAT). This early work was followed by the introduction of wall slip (with Vlachopoulos, J. and Hrymak, A.N. (1980). Calendering poly(vinyl chloride): theory and experiments. Polym. Eng. Sci. 20: 725–731). The first 2-D simulations for calendering PVC were carried out with Mitsoulis, E., Vlachopoulos, J., and Mirza, F.A. (1985). Calendering analysis without the lubrication approximation. Polym. Eng. Sci. 25: 6–18. In the intervening 35 years, other works have emerged, however our understanding has not been drastically improved since JV’s early works. Results have also been obtained for pseudoplastic and viscoplastic fluids using the general Herschel-Bulkley constitutive model. The emphasis was on finding possible differences with LAT regarding the attachment and detachment points of the calendered sheet (hence the domain length), and the extent and shape of yielded/unyielded regions. The results showed that while the former is well predicted by LAT, the latter is grossly overpredicted. More results have been obtained for 3-D simulations, showing intricate patterns in the melt bank. Also, the transient problem has been solved using the ALE-FEM formulation for moving free-boundary problems. The results are compared with the previous simulations for the steady-state and show a good agreement. The transient simulations capture the movement of the upstream and downstream free surfaces, and also provide the attachment and detachment points, which are unknown a priori. Finding these still remains the prevailing challenge in the modeling of the calendering process. Note de contenu : - MATHEMATICAL MODELING
- GOVERNING EQUATIONS (LAT) : Sheet thickness - Operating variables
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Viscoplastic fluids - Time-dependent simulationsDOI : https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2021-4214 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1v_BYkY3dn_Pyy17u6SMSe9mtBAyzszgT/view?usp=shari [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37911
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23739 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Capillary extrusion studies of LLDPE/LDPE blends : effects of manufacturing technology of LLDPE and long chain branching / O. Delgadillo-Velà squez in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXIII, N° 4 (09/2008)
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Titre : Capillary extrusion studies of LLDPE/LDPE blends : effects of manufacturing technology of LLDPE and long chain branching Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : O. Delgadillo-Velà squez, Auteur ; Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 385-394 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 668.9 Polymères Résumé : The processing behavior of a number of LLDPE/LDPE blends with emphasis on the effects of manufacturing technology of LLDPE and long chain branching is presented. A single low-density polyethylene was blended with two Ziegler-Natta linear-low-density polyethylenes LLDPE's and two metallocene-LLDPE's having distinctly different molecular structures. The weight fractions of the LDPEs used in the blends were 1 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 50 wt.% and 75 wt.%. Capillary extrusion reveals that the onset of sharkskin and gross melt fracture are slightly influenced with the addition of LDPE into LLDPE. However, the amplitude of the oscillations in the stick-slip flow regime was found to scale well with the weight fraction of LDPE even at amounts as low as 1 wt.%. Furthermore, it was observed that the onset of this flow regime was shifted to higher shear rates with increase of LDPE content. Shear rheology was found to be insensitive to detect small levels of LDPE. On the other hand, extensional rheology was found to be capable of detecting levels of LDPE as low as 1 wt.% at high Hencky strain rates (typically greater than 5 s–1) although only for certain blends. DOI : 10.3139/217.2155 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1z3E6NJ5Qas-8QemK8h4SWFs0UlK3itRU/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2620
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 010603 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Entry flow of polyethylene melts in tapered dies / M. Ansari in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXV, N° 4 (09/2010)
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Titre : Entry flow of polyethylene melts in tapered dies Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Ansari, Auteur ; A. Alabbas, Auteur ; Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, Auteur ; Evan Mitsoulis, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 287-296 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Ecoulement visqueux
Polyéthylène
Rhéologie
Simulation par ordinateur
ViscoélasticitéTags : 'Polyéthylènes fondus' 'Ecoulements capillaires' 'Pertes de surpression' 'Simulations numériques' Visco-élasticité 'Modèle K-BKZ Index. décimale : 668.9 Polymères Résumé : The excess pressure losses due to end effects (mainly entrance) in the capillary flow of several types of polyethylenes were studied both experimentally and numerically under slip and no-slip conditions. These losses were first measured as a function of the contraction angle ranging from 15° to 90°. It was found that the excess pressure loss attains a local minimum at a contraction angle of about 30° for all types of polyethylenes examined. This was found to be independent of the apparent shear rate. This minimum becomes more dominant under slip conditions that were imposed by adding a significant amount of fluoropolymer into the polymer. Numerical simulations using a multimode K-BKZ viscoelastic model have shown that the entrance pressure drops can be predicted fairly well for all cases either under slip or no-slip boundary conditions. The clear experimental minimum at about 30° can only slightly be seen in numerical simulations, and at this point its origin is unknown. Further simulations with a viscous (Cross) model have shown that they severely under-predict the entrance pressure by an order of magnitude for the more elastic melts. Thus, the viscoelastic spectrum together with the extensional viscosity play a significant role in predicting the pressure drop in contraction flows, as no viscous model could. The larger the average relaxation time and the extensional viscosity are, the higher the differences in the predictions between the K-KBZ and Cross models are. DOI : 10.3139/217.2360 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/13601Vu2Ol_Pr3EBCZjiZpO5y03Wizp_a/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9825
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 012380 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Extrudate swell of high density polyethylenes in slit (flat) dies / V. K. Konaganti in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXXI, N° 2 (05/2016)
PermalinkImproved spinnability of metallocene polyethylenes by using processing aids / R. Vogel in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XVIII, N° 1 (03/2003)
PermalinkMelt fracture of linear PE / E. B. Muliawan in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XX, N° 1 (03/2005)
PermalinkPaste extrusion and mechanical properties of PTFE / M. Ansari in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXX, N° 5 (11/2015)
PermalinkPaste extrusion of polytetrafluoroethylene : temperature, blending and processing aid effects / I. Ochoa in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXI, N° 5 (11/2006)
PermalinkPolytetrafluoroethylene paste extrusion : a fibrillation model and its relation to mechanical properties / H. A. Ardakani in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXVIII, N° 3 (07/2013)
PermalinkRheology and processing of molten poly(methyl methacrylate) resins / C. Stamboulides in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXI, N° 2 (05/2006)
PermalinkTransient swell of a high density polyethylene using adjustable gap slit die / V. K. Konaganti in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXXII, N° 5 (11/2017)
PermalinkTubing extrusion of a fluoropolymer melt / Evan Mitsoulis in INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING, Vol. XXVII, N° 2 (05/2012)
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