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Evaluation of chemical products in leather post-tanning process and their influence in presence of neutral salts in raw tannery effluent / M. V. Moreira in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXIV, N° 4 (04/2019)
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Titre : Evaluation of chemical products in leather post-tanning process and their influence in presence of neutral salts in raw tannery effluent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. V. Moreira, Auteur ; Everton Hansen, Auteur ; G. Giacomolli, Auteur ; F. D. P. Morisso, Auteur ; P. M. Aquim, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 108-117 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation
Chlorure de sodiumLe chlorure de sodium est un composé chimique de formule NaCl. On l'appelle plus communément sel de table ou de cuisine, ou tout simplement sel dans le langage courant. C'est le principal produit dissous dans l'eau de mer ; on l'appelle alors sel marin.
On l'obtient : dans des marais salants par évaporation de l'eau de mer, dans des mines, par extraction du sel gemme (halite) ou en le synthétisant lors de réactions à hautes températures entre du dichlore (Cl2) et du sodium métallique (Na).
Le chlorure de sodium est utilisé dans l'industrie chimique pour produire du chlore, de la soude caustique et de l’hydrogène.
Chromatographie par échange d'ions
Eaux usées -- Analyse
Post-tannage
Produits chimiques
Spectroscopie d'absorption
Sulfate de sodiumLe sulfate de sodium est un composé chimique courant formé d'un ion sulfate et de deux ions sodium. Lorsqu'il est anhydre, il prend l'apparence d'un solide cristallin blanc de formule chimique Na2SO4. La forme déca-hydratée, Na2SO4·10H2O, est connue sous le nom de sel de Glauber ou mirabilite. Parmi un grand nombre d'usages différents, les principales utilisations du sulfate de sodium concernent la fabrication des détergents et dans le procédé de Kraft de traitement de la pâte à papier. La moitié environ de la production mondiale provient de l'extraction de la forme naturelle décahydratée, et l'autre moitié de productions secondaires dans des procédés de l'industrie chimique.Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : In the leather industry, several chemical products are used for the transformation of the raw hide into the demanded final product. The production flow and the post-tanning of wet-blue leathers may vary according to the available technologies and the type of final item produced. Previous operations and processes are also relevant, particularly the steps of unhairing-liming and tanning process. During the effluent treatment process, there is a great difficulty in removing soluble salts, such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate in conventional effluent treatment stations. These salts might compromise the biological treatment of tannery wastewater and adversely impact the receiving water bodies, causing environmental pollution. Further, the presence of chlorides and sulfates might interfere in the implementation of the bath reuse system or in the recycling of the treated effluents in the post-tanning process. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the measures used to control the production of sodium neutral salts, such as the sodium chlorides and sulfates, contained in the chemical compounds uses in the industry that performs post-tanning in bovine wet-blue leather, mostly for automotive and furniture upholstery. The work was carried out following the production of the factory for six months, with approximately 1485 whole wet-blue leathers being processed per day, with an average production of 7500 m² of crust leathers per day. The work methodology was based on the diagnosis of the initial situation of the tannery, chemical analyses of the supplies employed and in proposals of action based on this initial profile. The work also involves the checking of the water consumption and the evaluation of the residual baths. The identification of the chemical products in the formulation that contribute directly to the presence of neutral salts in the gross effluent and their presence in the residual baths were among the main results observed in the present work. In order to determinate sodium, chlorides and sulfates, two methodologies were tested (ion chromatography, for chlorides and sulfates ; and absorption spectroscopy, for sodium), showing similar results. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Gathering of production data - Identification and characterization of the main chemical supplies used - Characterization of the critical chemical products regarding the presence of neutral salts - Characterization of the residual baths and water consumption measurements
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Production data - Chemical supplies used in the formulations - Characterization of the critical chemical products regarding the presence of neutral salts - Water consumption - Characterization of the residual bathsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eNSGuiZwOEvPyZjfpTvEoYbVILy5-ADX/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32272
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXIV, N° 4 (04/2019) . - p. 108-117[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentReduction of water demand and treatment cost in tanneries through reuse technique / Mariliz Gutterres in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIII, N° 4 (04/2008)
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Titre : Reduction of water demand and treatment cost in tanneries through reuse technique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mariliz Gutterres, Auteur ; J. O. Trierweiler, Auteur ; L. S. Severo, Auteur ; P. M. Aquim, Auteur ; J. B. Passos, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 138 - 143 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tannery industries employ great amounts of water; because most of their processes occur in an aqueous medium. This leads to the generation of high wastewater flowrates which will have to be treated due to the relatively high concentrations of some pollutant species. The attending paper presents this problematic throughout a case study in Rio Grande do Sul, state of Brazil. It establishes the water consumption in each stage of leather processing. In order to achieve the reduction in the total water consumption, herein it is proposed the water reuse technique in some stages of the process. Experimental results, on industrial scale, are shown so that the methodology is demonstrated to be successful. Water reuse reduces the load of the wastewater treatment plant as well as it reduces the costs. Research on water demand in tanneries defines water consumption for each stage: beamhouse, tanning and pos-tanning operations. It is known that tanneries make use of water in an uncontrolled manner, usually higher than actually would be necessary. Additional, most of the stages use fresh waters from artesian wells or from rivers. Recycling technique is current in liming operation. This paper shows that reuse and recycle techniques could be applied for other operations. Alternatives of water reuse were evaluated through the analysis of the process's wastewater to estimate the concentration of some contaminant parameters. The study was carried out on industrial scale. These parameters are indicators to evaluate the water quality according with the objectives of the reuse system. During analysis, it was tested reuse in the pre-deliming and deliming stages, using 100% of the effluent from bating washing. The parameters analyzed in the process's wastewater with reuse practice did not present any considerable difference when one compared with the conventional process. It demonstrates the viability of reuse practice in tannery industry. This study is of great importance to the environmental and to tannery industry, because the reuse technology aims at a solution to water minimization that results in the maximum environmental protection and cost reduction. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XMrqQGYKTSRXhxdouloYSVUGwDkitjWX/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2568
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CIII, N° 4 (04/2008) . - p. 138 - 143[article]Réservation
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