A comprehensive understanding on sewability of natural biomaterial : an insight on process optimization during leather manufacture / Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVI, N° 7 (07/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVI, N° 7 (07/2021) . - p. 233-238 Titre : A comprehensive understanding on sewability of natural biomaterial : an insight on process optimization during leather manufacture Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar, Auteur ; K. Phebe Aaron, Auteur ; K. Krishnaraj, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 233-238 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuir -- Couture Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques Douceur (toucher) Essais (technologie) Huiles et graisses Microscopie Phénols Post-tannage Rigidité (mécanique) Syntans Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Leather is three-dimensional matrix possessing unique properties which makes it more comfortable for daily use. Garments made from leathers are preferred choice owing to their multifaceted properties as compared to textiles in the colder regions. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the influence of phenolic syntan and synthetic fatliquor on the sewability and physical properties of post tanned leathers. From the experimental results, it is observed that the concentration of phenolic syntan and fatliquor influences leather sewability. Optical microscopic images of leathers also show that they are more compact and tighter with higher percentage of syntan. The study provides an insight in understanding the optimum usage of post tanning chemicals for better sewing properties without affecting the leather matrix adversely. Note de contenu : - Post tanning process - Physical testing of leather samples - Stiffness measurements - Determination of softness - Evaluation of sewability - Evaluation of organoleptic properties - Optical microscopic studies - Table 1 : Post tanning process - Table 2 : Physical characteristics of different fatliquor offered leathers DOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i7.4334 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MFotr7GWZlmII4Wa6HWjXpdsWHw6ly7b/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=36080 [article]

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Development of emulsions for coalescing solvent free glossy emulsion paint / C. A. Samant in PAINTINDIA, Vol. LIII, N° 2 (02/2003)

[article]  inPAINTINDIA > Vol. LIII, N° 2 (02/2003) . - p. 31-44 Titre : Development of emulsions for coalescing solvent free glossy emulsion paint Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. A. Samant, Auteur ; K. Krishnaraj, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : p. 31-44 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The utilization of emulsion using Core-shell technique for zero VOC coatings and the use of crosslinkers to obtain desired performance are the two main advances in water borne technology that are of increasing interest to coating formulators. A high glass-transition temperature (Tg) acrylic emulsion with less minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of 10°C, which is much less than its Tg was designed by a novel approach of Core-Shell technique using two different crosslinking monomers e.g. Gamma methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane in Shell and Trimethylol propane triacrylate in Core and evaluated in a glossy emulsion paint formulation. A high quality glossy emulsion paint, free from coalescing solvents and suitable for ambient temperature applications was successfully prepared using the developed emulsion. Note de contenu : - Experimentation - Preparation of monomer pre-emulsion - Emulsion processing - Selection of monomer composition for emulsion suitable for glossy paint - Preparation of glossy emulsion paint - Discussions - Approach of core-shell - Core-shell technique - Preparation of emulsion using core shell technique - Preparation of paint - Result and discussions Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12075 [article]

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Development of interpenetrating network of urethane/acrylic emulsion for high performance coatings / Pradeep T. Gadekar in PAINTINDIA, Vol. LI, N° 2 (suppl.) (02/2001)

[article]  inPAINTINDIA > Vol. LI, N° 2 (suppl.) (02/2001) . - p. 127-138 Titre : Development of interpenetrating network of urethane/acrylic emulsion for high performance coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pradeep T. Gadekar, Auteur ; K. Krishnaraj, Auteur ; R. Mathanrajan, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : p. 127-138 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Tags : 'Matériau  revêtement'  'Peinture  émulsion'  Liant  'Réseau  polymère  interpénétré'  'Uréthanne  polymère'  Polyacryliques  Feuil  'Propriété  physique'  mécanique'  Dureté  'Absorption  d'eau'  Distribution  dimension  particule' Index. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : The Interpenetrating Network (IPN) of urethane/acrylic emulsion polymer is developed by incorporating polyurethane dispersion (PUD) at various stages of acrylic emulsion polymerisation. The selection of initiator system is important for such a development. These developed IPN emulsions of urethane/ acrylic system were compared with plain acrylic emulsion and a physical blend of plain acrylic emulsion with two types of PUD, i.e. aliphatic urethane polymer and self crosslinking aliphatic urethane polymer with respect to mechanical properties of film, particle size distribution and water resistance. All the developed IPN emulsions were evaluated in a paint formulation for mechanical properties, chemical properties and accelerated weathering properties. They were also compared with paints based on plain acrylic emulsion and physical blends of plain acrylic emulsion with both the PUDs. Note de contenu : - Polyurethane dispersions - EXPERIMENTAL : Preparation of plain acrylic emulsion - Preparation of IPN of urethane/acrylic emulsion polymers - Preparation of physical blend of PUD and acrylic emulsion polymers - Preparation of paint - Paint testing - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Initiator selection for development of IPN of urethane/acrylic emulsions - Influence of urethane/acrylic IPNs on development of hardness as o function of time- Particle size distribution of emulsions - % Water absorption of emulsion films - Paint study - Mechanical properties - Chemical properties - Accelerated weathering test Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=12519 [article]

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Effect of chromium and tanning method on the drape of goat suede apparel leathers / K. Krishnaraj in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CV, N° 3 (03/2010)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CV, N° 3 (03/2010) . - p. 71-77 Titre : Effect of chromium and tanning method on the drape of goat suede apparel leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Krishnaraj, Auteur ; B. Chandrasekaran, Auteur ; Palanisamy Thanikaivelan, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 71-77 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tanning stabilizes the skin matrix permanently and is considered as the heart of leather processing. In commercial practice, vegetable and chrome tanning methods are widely employed. Between these two methods, chrome tanning is the most commonly used tanning method. Hence, it is logical to study the relationship between the chromium content and drape related properties of garment leathers. In this study, the bending length and drape parameters were measured for goat suede leathers with different chromium contents and analyzed. The goat suede leathers were prepared in three different ways namely full chrome (FC), semi chrome (SC) and full vegetable (FV) methods. Whereas FC and FV goat suede leathers had increasing drape coefficient values, the drape coefficient for SC goat suede leathers was the lowest in the range of 35.1±7.2 %. Further, softness, bending length and number of nodes for SC goat suede leathers were statistically superior in the stand point of drape ability compared to FC and FV goat suede leathers. Hence, it is validated that the semi chrome goat suede leathers possess better drape ability compared to full chrome as well as full vegetable goat suede leathers. Consequently, the presence of chromium in the leathers plays a major role in the draping ability of goat suede apparel leathers ; however, it is also infered that more amount of chromium in the leathers (FC) did not yield better drape ability. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JgOhogXe-emjSdEt5tW24YniW_hopZPc/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8732 [article]

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Factors influencing the seam efficiency of goat nappa leathers / K. Phebe in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVII, N° 3 (03/2012)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVII, N° 3 (03/2012) . - p. 78-84 Titre : Factors influencing the seam efficiency of goat nappa leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Phebe, Auteur ; Palanisamy Thanikaivelan, Auteur ; K. Krishnaraj, Auteur ; B. Chandrasekaran, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 78-84 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuir -- Couture Cuir pleine fleur Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Vêtements en cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Apparel making is the process of making shell structures from flat fabrics or leathers to match the shape of human body. During this process, leathers are subjected to various types of mechanical stresses, which are indispensable for the garment appearance. The present study involves investigating the mechanical properties of goat nappa leathers such as seam strength, breaking strength, seam efficiency, tensile strength, percent elongation, double hole stitch tear strength, flexural rigidity, initial tensile modulus and formability and establishing a relationship between seam efficiency and other mechanical properties. Seam efficiency of goat nappa leathers chosen in this study range from 55 to 76% in both parallel and perpendicular directions to the backbone. It has been observed that breaking strength of goat nappa leathers seems to have a significant influence on seam efficiency among the various mechanical properties studied with a negative correlation (R = –0.92). This means that modifications in fatliquoring and other related leather processing steps may offer low strength goat nappa leathers with more softness leading to enhanced seam efficiency. These results would help tanners and leather garment manufacturers to make appropriate selection of leather processing steps and sewing procedures, thereby avoiding possible economic losses. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Flexural rigidity - Tensile strength and extension - Initial tensile modulus - Formability - Seam strength - Breaking strength - Stitch tear strength (double hole) - Seam efficiency - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Seam efficiency - Seam efficiency versus seam strength - Seam efficiency versus breaking strength - Seam efficiency versus tensile properties - Seam efficiency versus stitch tear strength (double hole - Seam efficiency versus flexural rigidity - Seam efficiency versus initial tensile modulus - Seam efficiency versus formability En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lKg-3bnD_ZNoxOtM2mjRl49IFV3RUpjG/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14419 [article]

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Influence of mechanical properties of sheep nappa leathers on seam efficiency / K. Phebe in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 95, N° 1 (01-02/2011)  

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Influence of sewing threads on seam pucker of sheep nappa leathers / G. Woynshet in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 98, N° 4 (07-08/2014)  

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Influence of test length on the observed tensile properties of upholstery leather : Relation to weak link theory / Palanisamy Thanikaivelan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CII, N° 1 (01/2007)  

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Measurement and correlation of drape coefficient and related mechanical properties of cow nappa apparel leathers / K. Krishnaraj in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 94, N° 5 (09-10/2010)  

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Mechanical properties of sheep nappa leather influencing drape / K. Krishnaraj in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CIII, N° 7 (07/2008)  

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Physico-insight on sewability properties of crust leathers using melamine syntan and synthetic fatliquor / Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 10 (10/2022)  

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Relation between drape and mechanical properties of goat suede garment leathers / K. Krishnaraj in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 93, N° 1 (01-02/2009)  

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