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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) . Vol. CXVI, N° 2Mention de date : 02/2021Paru le : 22/03/2021 |
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierStudy on the degreasing of sheep skin using subcritical fluid extraction / Qiao Xia in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021)
[article]
Titre : Study on the degreasing of sheep skin using subcritical fluid extraction Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qiao Xia, Auteur ; Zhang Meina, Auteur ; Bo Mao, Auteur ; Hong Dai, Auteur ; Zongcai Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 39-45 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Cuirs et peaux -- Dégraissage
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
Extraction (chimie)
Peau -- Histologie
Peaux brutes
PentaneLe pentane est un alcane linéaire de formule C5H12.
Le terme pentane désigne aussi par extension abusive17 les trois isomères C5H12 : le n-pentane, le 2-méthylbutane ou isopentane et le 2,2-diméthylpropane ou néopentane. Ces diverses molécules comportent toutes cinq atomes de carbone.
Utilisations : Le pentane est un solvant couramment utilisé en chimie organique.
Propriétés chimiques : Le pentane brûle dans l'air selon la réaction : C5H12 + 8O2 —> 5CO2 + 6H2O (Wikipedia)Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Degreasing is one of the important processes for the production of leather and fur. This study aimed to develop a degreasing method using subcritical n-pentane. Sheep skin was chosen as raw skin for this investigation. The best possible combination of degreasing parameters was found using single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The effects of temperature and pressure on the degreasing efficiency were evaluated further with histological analysis. The results showed that the optimum degreasing parameters were a degreasing time of 58 min, pressure of 0.45 MPa, temperature of 41.0°C and thus yielded a degreasing rate of 52.46% theoretically and 51.46% experimentally. Histological sections showed that the degreasing effect of subcritical n-pentane was quite significant and the lipid droplets around the hair follicles were dramatically reduced. It has been proven that subcritical n-pentane degreasing is an effective technique for sheep skin degreasing. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials & instruments - Experiment procedure - Sample preparation - Degreasing with subcritical n-pentane extraction - Single factor experiment design of subcritical n-pentane degreasing process - Optimization design of subcritical n-pentane degreasing process by RSM - Characterization of degreasing effect - Histological analysis of degreased skin
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of degreasing
- Table 1 : Single factor experiment scheme
- Table 2 : Factor table for single factor experiment
- Table 3 : Response surface experiment level and coding
- Table 4 : Experimental scheme of response surface methodology and response value of degreasing rate
- Table 5 : Analysis of variance of regression model of subcritical n-pentane degreasing
- Fig. 1 : The sheep skin degreasing procedure with subcritical n-pentane
- Fig. 2 : Single factor results
- Fig. 3 : Residuals
- Fig. 4 : Response surface graph and contour map
- Fig. 5 : Histological photomicrographs of degreased skin under different temeprature
- Fig. 6 : Histological photomicrographs of degreasing skin under different pressureDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i2.4234 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fFEfsYfERS70jjgP-KtN7vOTfnm400QO/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35307
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021) . - p. 39-45[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentThermal characterization and pyrolysis of waste leather treated with CoCl2 and MnCl2 / E. Bañón in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021)
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Titre : Thermal characterization and pyrolysis of waste leather treated with CoCl2 and MnCl2 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. Bañón, Auteur ; A. Torro, Auteur ; A. N. GarcÃa, Auteur ; M. León, Auteur ; A. Marcilla, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 46-57 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse multivariée
Caractérisation
Catalyse
Chlorure de manganèse (II)
Chromatographie en phase gazeuse
CoCl2
Cuir -- Déchets
Cuirs et peaux de bovins
PyrolyseLa pyrolyse est la décomposition ou thermolyse d'un composé organique par la chaleur pour obtenir d'autres produits (gaz et matière) qu'il ne contenait pas. L'opération est réalisée en l'absence d'oxygène ou en atmosphère pauvre en oxygène pour éviter l'oxydation et la combustion (L’opération ne produit donc pas de flamme). Il s'agit du premier stade de transformation thermique après la déshydratation.
Elle permet généralement d'obtenir un solide carboné, une huile et un gaz. Elle débute à un niveau de température relativement bas (à partir de 200 °C) et se poursuit jusqu'à 1 000 °C environ. Selon la température, la proportion des trois composés résultants est différente.
Spectrométrie de masse
ThermogravimétrieIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Leather tanned with different agents was pyrolyzed in the presence of CoC12 and MnC12 catalysts. A bovine leather sample tanned with two inorganic tanning agents (chromium and titanium salts) and two organic tanning agents (glutaraldehyde and methylacrylic resin) has been used in this study. The samples were soaked in solutions of CoC12 or MnC12 of known concentration. The influence on decomposition temperature and the resultant pyrolysis compounds has been evaluated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and flash pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS). A multivariate analysis has been applied to the pyrolysis products obtained confirming the effect of the catalyst treatment on leather, specifically on samples tanned with organic agents. According to the results, CoC12 (higher Lewis acidity) shows a greater influence than the MnC12 (lower Lewis acidity). The results indicate that the presence of chlorides affects the nature of the pyrolysis products, increasing the yield of the aromatic compounds in ail the samples, thus improving the added-value of the volatiles. These catalysts reduced slightly the decomposition temperature. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT : Materials - Thermobalance - Pyroprobe connected online with a gas chromatograph (Py-GC/MS)
- EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : Thermobalance - Pyroprobe connected online with a gas chromatograph (Py-GC/MS) - Chloride treatment process - Multivariate analysis
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Thermogravimetric study - Flash pyrolysis in a Py-GC/MS system
- Fig. 1 : TG curves of treated and untreated samples
- Fig. 2 : DTG curves of treated and untreated samples
- Fig. 3 : GC-MS chromatograms of tanned samples and GC-MS chromatograms of tanned sample
- Fig. 4 : Dendrogram obtained from the analysis of the hierarchical clusters
- Table 1 : Temperatures for maximum decomposition rate of leather tanned with different tanning agents before and after chloride soaking treatment
- Table 2 : Area percentage of identified compounds
- Table 3 : Classification and area percentage of identified compounds
- Table 4 : Principal component analysis (PCA). Total variance explainedDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i2.4235 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XzEcWBzqqQGPJylMwdVk5-hn4qCSpgvk/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35308
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021) . - p. 46-57[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentBiodegradability study of footwear soling materials in simulated compost environment / Moumita Mukherjee in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021)
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Titre : Biodegradability study of footwear soling materials in simulated compost environment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Moumita Mukherjee, Auteur ; T. Loganathan, Auteur ; Sujata Mandal, Auteur ; G. Saraswathy, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 58-68 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Analyse morphologique
Analyse thermique
Caractérisation
Compostage
Cuirs et peaux -- Biodégradation
Essais (technologie)
Semelles
ThermogravimétrieIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Aim of the present study is to investigate the biodegradability and decomposing properties of footwear soling materials by standard biodegradability test method. Biodegradability tests were performed by aerobic exposure of the selected six soling materials to the soil matrix and measuring the degradation and decomposition occurred with time. All soling materials were characterized for physical and physicochemical properties such as weight loss, hardness, density, tensile strength, abrasion resistance, thermal and morphological properties before and after exposing to the simulated compost environment. In the present study, the end-of-life nature of footwear soling materials currently used by the footwear industries are explored, which will further emphasize the importance of development and use of biodegradable materials in the footwear manufacturing. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS : Compost composition
- METHOD
- CHARACTERIZATION
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Physical properties - ATR-FTIR - Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) - Morphological analysisDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i2.4236 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hGALbjVyBKtlnBf-tTq4WJSivbSx9XBY/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35309
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021) . - p. 58-68[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentApproaches towards tannery modernization and up-gradation : leather industry 4.0 : multi-disciplinary approach / Venkatasubramanian Sivakumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVI, N° 2 (02/2021)
[article]
Titre : Approaches towards tannery modernization and up-gradation : leather industry 4.0 : multi-disciplinary approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Venkatasubramanian Sivakumar, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Industrie -- Aspect de l'environnement
Déchets -- Réduction
Industrie 4.0Le concept d’Industrie 4.0 correspond à une nouvelle façon d’organiser les moyens de production : l’objectif est la mise en place d’usines dites "intelligentes" ("smart factories") capables d’une plus grande adaptabilité dans la production et d’une allocation plus efficace des ressources, ouvrant ainsi la voie à une nouvelle révolution industrielle. Ses bases technologiques sont l'Internet des objets et les systèmes cyber-physiques.
Innovations
Manutention
Matériaux -- Stockage
Produits chimiques -- StockageIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Analysis of various approaches for tannery modernization and up-gradation as leather industry 4.0 need to be analyzed keeping in view of significant advancements made in different disciplines of relevance to leather sector. Holistic views and plans for cleaner image with better environmental aspects are essential for the sustainable growth of the leather sector. In this paper, various plans and strategies for the next phase of tannery modernization denoted as TAN MOD 4.0 have been presented with the main objectives of near zero discharge of chemicals, waste minimization, value addition, productivity enhancement and safe & healthy environment in tannery. Different components such as basic up-gradation concepts, modem leather processing techniques and engineering inputs for leather sector such as process control systems, necessary automation tools and Internet of Things (IoT) are discussed. Note de contenu : - Tannery modernization of initial phase
- Industry 4.0
- Un-filled gaps in tannery modernization
- Tannery modernization 4.0 : Objectives
- Benefits envisaged from TAN MOD 4.0
- Engineering for leather process (ENGG-LEAP)
- Materials storage facility
- Materials handling facility
- Modern leather processing techniques (LEAPRO)
- Environmental, health and safety (EHS)
- Fig. 1 : Schematic plan for tannery modernization - TAN-MOD 4.0
- Fig. 2 : Approaches for tannery up-gradation and modernization in leather sector TAN MOD 4.0 as sustainable solutionDOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i2.4237 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hxEWJaRYHvFeGydnJoS7UOMebG4To_at/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35310
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