Accurate and simple method for simultaneous determination of restricted ethylene glycol ethers and esters in leather by GC-MS / He-Wei Ma in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 105, N° 3 (05-06/2021)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 105, N° 3 (05-06/2021) . - p. 117-123 Titre : Accurate and simple method for simultaneous determination of restricted ethylene glycol ethers and esters in leather by GC-MS Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : He-Wei Ma, Auteur ; Luo Jian-Xun, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 117-123 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Chimie analytique Chromatographie en phase gazeuse Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Esters Ethers Ethylène glycol Extraction (chimie) Spectrométrie de masse Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : An analytical approach was developed for the simultaneous determination of the eight ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) and esters (EGEEs) prohibited by European Union (EU) REACH regulation in leather samples. The analytes were extracted using methanol with ultrasonic assistance within 30 minutes. The extracts were cleaned up by passing the extraction solution through a cartridge containing alumina-N frits, and the eluate was injected into GC-MS which was fitted with a 60m length capillary DB-WAX column. Excellent separation of the eight EGEs/EGEEs was achieved by the capillary column within 25 minutes. The clean-up with Alumina-N cartridge presented desired efficiency for removing the co-extractives in the extracts. The major advantages of this method are the simplicity and accuracy. Limitation of the detection, linear range, and reproducibility of the method were evaluated. Average recoveries in the range of 91.7%-102.5% (RSD, <6.1 0/0) with detection limits at 3.09.4mg/kg for the eight targets were obtained. Analytical results showed that ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME), ethylene glycol ethyl ether (EGEE), and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME), were found in 22% of 95 leather samples at the concentration range of 35-82mg/kg, 12-285mg/kg and 28-66mg/kg, respectively, while the other five EGEs/EGEEs were not detected. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Chemicals - Apparatus - Preparation and storage of standards - Sampling - Sample extraction - Extract clean-up - Instrumental analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Selection of capillary column - Sample preparation - Effects of extraction time and temperature - METHOD VALIDATION : Linearity - Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) - Reproducibility studies - Analysis of leather samples - Table 1 : EGEs and EGEEs used in the experiment : Name, abbreviation, CAS N°., boiling point and monitored ions (m/z) - Table 2 : Recoveries of eight EGEs/EGEEs by the three SPE cartridges - Table 3 : Recoveries in the spiked negative leather with different temperature and time - Table 4 : Effects of MgSO4 used in the extraction process on the test results - Table 5 : Calibration data, precision and detection limits for the selected compounds - Table 6 : Levels of the prohibited EGEs/EGEEs found in leather samples En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1N6bhRrkh3wBBN1EUu33c6Tv8ADpSMiXw/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35831 [article]

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An investigation of acetaldehyde release from leather introduced by chemicals / Chen yong in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 106, N° 4 (07-08/2022)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 106, N° 4 (07-08/2022) . - p. 155-158 Titre : An investigation of acetaldehyde release from leather introduced by chemicals Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chen yong, Auteur ; He-Wei Ma, Auteur ; Luo Jian-Xun, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 155-158 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Alcools gras éthoxylés Composés organiques Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Ethanal L'éthanal (Nomenclature IUPAC), aussi appelé acétaldéhyde, aldéhyde acétique, éthyl aldéhyde ou oxoéthane, est un composé chimique, un aldéhyde de formule chimique CH3CHO. Naturellement produit par les plantes, c'est un composant volatil trouvé à faibles doses dans les fleurs et feuilles du coton, dans les feuilles de chêne et de tabac, dans les fruits mûrs, le café et le pain frais. Il contribue à l’odeur du romarin, des jonquilles, de l’orange amère, du camphre, du fenouil, de la moutarde et de la menthe. Il servait autrefois de matière première de base pour la synthèse de l’acide acétique et de l’anhydride acétique. Il est utilisé comme agent de sapidité dans certaines margarines. C'est un produit toxique et cancérigène suspecté. L'éthanal est un liquide incolore, volatil et miscible à l'eau et à presque tous les solvants organiques. L'odorat humain le perçoit à très faible dose (0,05 ppm suffisent) comme une odeur fruitée (pomme verte) et il devient suffocant et piquant à forte teneur. Il est très réactif et inflammable (point d'ébullition: 20,2 °C). Il peut vivement réagir avec, par exemple, des oxydants, halogènes , ammoniac et amines, alcools, cétones, phénols, anhydrides d'acide, sulfure d'hydrogène, cyanures. En contact avec le cuivre ou des alliages en contenant (bronze, laiton, ...), il peut former des composés explosifs. Il ronge le caoutchouc. Comme tous les aldéhydes, c'est un réducteur. Son oxydation, très facile puisqu'elle peut même se produire au contact de l'air, donne de l'acide acétique, de l'anhydride acétique et de l'acide peroxyacétique instable susceptible de spontanément exploser. L'hydrogénation de l'éthanal donne de l'éthanol. Trois molécules d'acétaldéhyde peuvent former un paraldéhyde cyclique. Quatre molécules d'acétaldéhyde peuvent former un tétramère d'acétaldéhyde cyclique, le métaldéhyde. Ethoxylate d'alcool Polyéthylène glycol Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The correlation of acetaldehyde release from leather with leather chemicals was evaluated through a test method based on purge-and-trap technique, and the trace-to-source of acetaldehyde in leather was investigated. The results indicated that occurrences of acetaldehyde in soaking auxiliaries and degreasing agents were significantly positive. The processed pelts with these auxiliaries gave obvious acetaldehyde contents when comparing with these produced by acetaldehyde-free chemicals. A further test on the ethoxylated compounds - fatty alcohol ethoxylates (AEO) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which are the most common ingredients in auxiliaries, revealed that AEO and PEG with low degrees of polymerisation as AEO-3 and PEG200, comprised acetaldehyde in high concentration. It was concluded that some ethoxylated surfactants in leather chemicals could be one of the main sources of acetaldehyde in leather. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Apparatus and materials - Sampling - Preparation of hide - Test of acetaldehyde - HPLC analysis - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Acetaldehyde in leather chemicals - Acetaldehyde release from hide - Source of aldehyde in leather chemicals - Table 1 : Contents of acetaldehyde release from hide pelt En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Swm9C-J3NB6jxyCuTOe0OXD1ZGAmOxoM/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37878 [article]

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Cleaner chrome tanning - A non-pickling process using an aliphatic aldehyde as pre-tanning agent / Luo Jian-Xun in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 96, N° 1 (01-02/2012)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 96, N° 1 (01-02/2012) . - p. 21-26 Titre : Cleaner chrome tanning - A non-pickling process using an aliphatic aldehyde as pre-tanning agent Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luo Jian-Xun, Auteur ; Jing Li, Auteur ; Liao Xue-Pin, Auteur ; Zhang Wen-Hua, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 21-26 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Aldéhydes aliphatiques Prétannage Tannage au chrome Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tannery effluent with high salinity can have a serious environmental impact. The pickling process that involves the use of sodium chloride and acids is one of the main origins of salt pollution. In this study, a non-pickling chrome tanning technology was developed. A macromolecular aliphatic aldehyde, PTA, was synthesized and employed to pre-tan bated pelt before chrome tanning go that the conventional pickling process was eliminated. It was found that PTA possesses moderate tanning property itself and favours the penetration of chrome, resulting in a chrome exhaustion of 90%. Meanwhile, the performance of leather was comparable to the conventionally processed leather in terms of hydrothermal stability and property evaluations. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Scanning electron microscope analysis - Dyeing and fatliquoring of chrome tanned leathers - Pilot experiment and property determination of the leathers. - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Tanning characteristics of PTA - Comparison of non-pickling chrome tanning and conventional chrome tanning - Uptake od dyestuff and fatliquor in non-pickling and conventional chrome-tanned leathers En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cUFL4yqhaBGMTGmRtHUwwDhxPT-r2I6o/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=13550 [article]

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Cleaner chrome tanning - technology of chrome-reduced tanning without salt, pickling and short procedure / Luo Jian-Xun in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 103, N° 6 (11-12/2019)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 103, N° 6 (11-12/2019) . - p. 289-295 Titre : Cleaner chrome tanning - technology of chrome-reduced tanning without salt, pickling and short procedure Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luo Jian-Xun, Auteur ; Feng Yan-Juan, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 289-295 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Acide polyacrylique Déchets -- Réduction Polycarboxylates Poudres Produits chimiques -- Consommation -- Réduction Tannage au chrome Tannage sans sels Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tannery effluents with high salinity and containing chromium have a serious environmental impact. The traditional chrome tannage that involved the use of sodium chloride, acid and chromium is one of the main origins of salt and chromium pollution. In this study, a non-pickle, chrome-reduced tanning technology was developed. The novel chrome-free agent SL can be directly employed to tan bated bovine hide producing wet-white. The shaved wet-white was pre-treated by a poly-carboxylate auxiliary agent PAA and tanned by chrome powder. It was found that the shrinkage temperature of the wet-white tanned by SL reached over 80°C, the optimal consumption of poly-carboxylate auxiliary agent was 1.5- 2wt% based on the weight of the shaved wet-white, the better chrome-reduced tanning conditions were that the wet-white was tanned with 3-4wt% chromium powder for 150-180 minutes at room temperature when the initial pH value was 3.0-3.5. The next processes were same as those of a traditional chrome tannage. Meanwhile, the shrinkage temperature of the leather tanned by the chrome-reduced tannage reached more than 95°C, the absorption of chromium was 96%, the content of Cr2O3 in the effluent was under 200mg/L. For the chrome-reduced tanned leather,the absorption of dyestuff and fat-liquor reached 99.5% and 82.5% respectively. Compared with the traditional chrome tanning process, not only was the conventional pickling process eliminated, the process was shortened and reduced the pollution of sodium chloride. The process can reduce by 50% the consumption of chrome powder, improve the absorption of chromium and reduce the content of Cr2O3 in effluent. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Tanning properties of the novel chrome-free agent SL - The properties of wet-white tanned by the novel chrome-free agent SL - Optimisation of the offer of chrome tanning agent in tanning process - The properties of poly-carboxylate auxiliary agent in the low-chrome tannage - Contrast experiment between chrome-reduced tanning and traditional chrome tanning - Pilot production of leather tanned by chrome-reduced tannage - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Analysis of tanning properties of the novel chrome-free agent SL and its leather - Optimum initial pH of chrome tanning agent on shaved wet-white - Optimum offer of chrome tanning agent for shaved wet-white - Optimum offer of the poly-carboxylate auxiliary agent PAA in chrome-reduced tanning of shaved wet-white - Comparison of chrome-reduced tannage and traditional chrome tanning - The properties of leather tanned by chrome-reduced tannage from pilot production En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_b6GCLclh8aX2f9oJk2AMc-M7-OyAz0H/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33205 [article]

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A novel eco-combination tannage of chrome-free leather with softness and high shrinkage temperature / Luo Jian-Xun in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 106, N° 3 (05-06/2022)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 106, N° 3 (05-06/2022) . - p. 99-105 Titre : A novel eco-combination tannage of chrome-free leather with softness and high shrinkage temperature Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luo Jian-Xun, Auteur ; Feng Yan-Juan, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 99-105 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Agents de tannage Cuirs et peaux de bovins Douceur (toucher) Formulation (Génie chimique) Tannage chrome free Tannage combiné Le tannage combiné se dit des tannages qui allient deux familles ou genre de tannage pour obtenir un résultat additionnant les qualités complémentaires des tannins mis en Å“uvre par exemple Chrome-Végétal ou Chrome-Synthétique Température de retrait Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Chrome-tanned leathers have good comprehensive properties but, tannery effluents with high salinity, chromium and leather scraps containing chromium have a serious environmental impact. Non-chrome tannage is one of tannages that can reduce the pollution. Current non-chrome tanned leather can't, unfortunately meet the needs of the leather market regarding shrinkage temperature, softness, handle and other properties. In this study, a novel combination tannage was developed. The novel non-chrome tanning agent SL was directly employed to tan bated bovine hide producing wet-white. The shaved wet-white was further tanned by Tara, Sellatan RL and Lutan BN and was then fatliquored. It was found that the optimal consumption of the tannins — novel non-chrome tanning agent SL, Tara, Sellatan RL and Lutan BN was 5wt % for SL (based on 150% times of the weight of bated hide pelt) and 6wt% for each of the other three tannins (based on the weight of the shaved wet¬white). The shrinkage temperature of the finished leather can reach over 100°C and the leather has good softness, handle and mechanical properties. Compared with the traditional chrome tanning the conventional pickling process was eliminated, thus the process was shortened and the pollution by sodium chloride was reduced. The quality of the non-chrome leather approaches that of chrome-tanned leather. The non-chrome leathers of pilot production have been approved and accepted by the leather market. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Materials - Design of the novel combination tannage - Tanning experiment with different chrome-free agents including the novel chrome-free agent SL, Tara, Sellatan RL and Lutan BN - Contrast experiment between the novel combination tannage and traditional chrome tanning - Pilot production of leather tanned by the novel combination tannage - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Analysis of tanning properties of several chrome-free agents and the leather - Analysis of tanning properties of different tanning recipes and the softness of the leather - Comparison of the novel combination tannage and traditional chrome tanning -The properties of leather tanned by the novel combination tannage from pilot production - Table 1 : Procedures of tanning with SL based on bated bovine hide - Table 2 : Procedures of tanning with Tara based on the pickled bovine hide - Table 3 : Procedures of tanning with Lutan BN based on the pickled bovine hide - Table 4 : Parameters of orthogonal experiment - Table 5 : Tanning formulation of L9(34) combination tannage with different tanning agents - Table 6 : Tanning and fat-liquoring process of combination tannage - Table 7 : Tanning results of orthogonal experiment of combination tannage with different tanning agents - Table 8 : The properties of leathers tanned by combination tannage and traditional chrome tanning - Table 9 : Properties of leathers tanned by the combination tannage from pilot production En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uIPDvuVJbzq1aHF-sYT5OfP5xV1y7WQP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37752 [article]

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