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Auteur Wilhelm Schabel
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Institut für Thermische Verfahrenstechnik
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An experimental and analytical study on intermittent slot die coating of viscoelastic battery slurries / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)
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Titre : An experimental and analytical study on intermittent slot die coating of viscoelastic battery slurries Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Ralf Diehm, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 927-938 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion
Enduction par filière
Fluides non newtoniens
Revêtements:Peinture
ViscoélasticitéIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Large-scale secondary lithium-ion batteries could be a key technology to compensate for the inconsistent energy supply of renewable sources. However, their manufacture is still very costly. In particular, the intermittent slot die coating of the battery electrodes is the speed-limiting and thus cost-driving process. In this field, various patents have been granted, and most in-house coating equipment was developed in industry. These technologies are often optimized empirically, since intermittent slot die coating is not mentioned in the scientific literature. In this work, we investigate the dominating and limiting mechanisms for intermittent slot die coating of non-Newtonian battery slurries. To characterize the process, we measured the system and die pressure and the associated wet film thickness. To build a common basis for all established technologies, we reduced the coating system to a syringe pump, a bypass valve, and a slot die. Our results show the direct link between casted film and pressure distribution within the coating. To reduce leveling times between the coating and interruption phases of an intermittent coating, a model was developed to predict the optimum pressure levels. It was found that different pressure levels during the coating and interruption phases lead to film break-ups or downstream die swelling, and thus limit the whole process. DOI : 10.1007/s11998-015-9717-9 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-015-9717-9.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24694
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17467 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Analytical determination of process windows for bilayer slot die coating / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)
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Titre : Analytical determination of process windows for bilayer slot die coating Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcel Schmitt, Auteur ; Sebastian Raupp, Auteur ; Dennis Wagner, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p. 877-887 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion
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Fluides non newtoniens
Revêtements multicouchesIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Slot die coating is a film casting process with a highly diverse variety of everyday applications. As a pre-metered process it not only guarantees excellent film uniformity, but is also suitable for simultaneously applied multilayer coatings. Characteristic singularities like the behavior of the liquid–liquid interface and the impact of the additional mid-lip on film uniformity were already investigated before. However, the effect of an altered gap pressure regime on commonly used coating windows has not yet been discussed. In this work, we therefore extended available single-layer coating windows for Newtonian and power-law liquids to the bilayer case. Here, the emphasis was laid on the air entrainment limit. Subsequently, the theoretical results were compared to experimental data. It was found that the onset of air entrainment strongly depends on the top to bottom film thickness ratio for bilayer coatings. A critical film thickness ratio which delivers similar coating limits as those for single-layer coatings was derived and confirmed by experimentally gained results. Note de contenu : - Calculation of the single-layer coating bead pressure
- Calculation of the bilayer coating bead pressureDOI : 10.1007/s11998-015-9701-4 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11998-015-9701-4.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=24688
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17467 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible CFD model of slot die coating for lithium-ion battery electrodes in 2D and 3D with load balanced dynamic mesh refinement enabled with a local-slip boundary condition in OpenFOAM / Alexander Hoffmann in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 20, N° 1 (01/2023)
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Titre : CFD model of slot die coating for lithium-ion battery electrodes in 2D and 3D with load balanced dynamic mesh refinement enabled with a local-slip boundary condition in OpenFOAM Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexander Hoffmann, Auteur ; Sandro Spiegel, Auteur ; Thilo Heckmann, Auteur ; Philip Scharfer, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p. 3-14 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Accumulateurs lithium-ion
Electrodes
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Mécanique des fluides numériquesLa mécanique des fluides numérique (MFN), plus souvent désignée par le terme anglais computational fluid dynamics (CFD), consiste à étudier les mouvements d'un fluide, ou leurs effets, par la résolution numérique des équations régissant le fluide. En fonction des approximations choisies, qui sont en général le résultat d'un compromis en termes de besoins de représentation physique par rapport aux ressources de calcul ou de modélisation disponibles, les équations résolues peuvent être les équations d'Euler, les équations de Navier-Stokes, etc.
La CFD a grandi d'une curiosité mathématique pour devenir un outil essentiel dans pratiquement toutes les branches de la dynamique des fluides, de la propulsion aérospatiale aux prédictions météorologiques en passant par le dessin des coques de bateaux. Dans le domaine de la recherche, cette approche est l'objet d'un effort important, car elle permet l'accès à toutes les informations instantanées (vitesse, pression, concentration) pour chaque point du domaine de calcul, pour un coût global généralement modique par rapport aux expériences correspondantes.
Domaines d'application : La CFD est particulièrement employée dans les domaines des transports, pour étudier notamment le comportement aérodynamique des véhicules (automobile, aéronautique, etc) conçus.
La CFD est également utilisée dans le domaine des installations critiques telles que les salles de serveurs. Elle permet de réaliser une représentation 3D de la salle, comprenant toutes les informations relatives aux équipements informatiques, électriques et mécaniques. On obtient une carte graduée des différentes zones de chaleur présentes, ce qui permet de détecter les zones critiques et les points chauds (ou "hot spots").
RevêtementsIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Slot die coating is a state-of-the-art process to manufacture lithium-ion battery electrodes with high accuracy and reproducibility, covering a wide range of process conditions and material systems. Common approaches to predict process windows are one-dimensional calculations with a limited expressiveness. A more detailed analysis can be performed using CFD simulations, which are often based on in-house code or closed-source software. In this study, a two-phase CFD model in two and three dimensions was created in OpenFOAM with the intent to provide a method for more detailed investigations of the slot die coating process with open access to source code and files. A custom boundary condition enables the proper description of the wetting behavior in the two-dimensional model. The combination of standard no-slip boundary conditions at the substrate boundary with the volume-of-fluid solution algorithm leads to a method-related air entrainment, which was prevented by allowing local slip at the dynamic wetting line at the upstream meniscus in the two-dimensional model. Additionally, a load-balancing dynamic refinement algorithm was implemented to minimize the computational effort and increase the ease of use of the simulation environment. The simulation was validated by comparing the simulated process limits to experimental observations, showing good agreement. As a result, this model enables detailed analyses regarding the influences of slot die geometries, material properties, and process parameters on the coating stability and wet-film profile. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS AND METHODS : Material properties - Numerical methods
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : 2D-model
- Table 1 : Dry composition of the anode slurry used in this study
- Table 2 : Patch names and assigned boundary conditions for the two-dimensional numerical simulations
- Table 3 : Patch names and assigned boundary conditions for the three-dimensional numerical simulations
- Table 4 : Computational effort for different mesh resolutions and refinement methodsDOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-022-00660-8 En ligne : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-022-00660-8.pdf?pdf=button Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38777
in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH > Vol. 20, N° 1 (01/2023) . - p. 3-14[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 23928 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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Titre : Close-up on film formation : Identifying the effects of dispersion variables on waterborne PUR coatings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Imke Ludwig, Auteur ; Wilhelm Schabel, Auteur ; Joachim Krenn, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 22-28 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Dispersions et suspensions
Formation de film
Polyols
Polyuréthanes
Revêtements en phase aqueuse:Peinture en phase aqueuse
Spectroscopie RamanIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Inverse micro raman spectrometry (IMRS) has been used to monitor the curing of 2-pack waterborne polyurethane coatings in detail. It is shown that a low solids content of the polyol component is essential to reduce the particle size of the dispersion and produce a more uniform final film. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HVEkfP4YdZS3vtKiDsM-w8h_sNucxSW3/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2413
in EUROPEAN COATINGS JOURNAL (ECJ) > N° 03/2008 (03/2008) . - p. 22-28[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 009875 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Film formation of 2K waterborne polyurethane systems / Philippe Olier in COATINGS TECH, Vol. 7, N° 7 (07/2010)
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Titre : Film formation of 2K waterborne polyurethane systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Philippe Olier ; Imke Ludwig ; Mathias Kind ; Wilhelm Schabel ; Joachim Krenn ; Steve Meeker Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p. 38-42 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Formation de film
Polyuréthanes
Revêtements
Revêtements bi-composant:Peinture bi-composant
Revêtements en phase aqueuse -- Séchage:Peinture en phase aqueuse -- Séchage
Revêtements en phase aqueuse:Peinture en phase aqueuse
Spectroscopie RamanIndex. décimale : 667.9 Revêtements et enduits Résumé : Two-pack (2K) waterborne polyurethanes are increasingly used in coatings technologies. Examples of such coatings can be encountered in many different fields including metal coatings (for railway carriage, car refinish ... ), wood coatings (e.g., parquet flooring, furniture) or soft-feel coatings for plastic in the automotive industry. The benefits brought by waterborne technology can explain this growth. It is fully compliant with the new volatile organic compounds (VOC) regulations and contributes to better health and safety conditions for both workers and end users. Of course, switching from solvent-based to waterborne technology implies technical challenges. Many improvements have been achieved during the past years to develop waterborne systems that can compete with solvent-based coatings. In the case of polyisocyanates, for instance, the ease of miwing in the formulation and the control of side reactions with water have been greatly improved by using hydrophilically modified polyisocyanates.
However, a deeper understanding of the film formation mechanisms and the impact of different key parameters is still essential in order to finetune the formulation and achieve optimal results. Many techniques have been used to investigate these aspects such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), or even mechanical measurements. Confocal Raman spectroscopy has also been widely used but only a few reports mention its use for the investigation of aqueous systems.
Here we present the use of Inverse Micro Raman spectroscopy (IMRS in order to investigate the drying behavior and fim composition of 2K waterborne polyurethanes.Note de contenu : - INVESTIGATION OF 2K WATERBORNE POLYURETHANE SYSTEMS USING IMRS : PRINCIPLES
- QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION
- EXPERIMENTAL : Inverse Micro Raman Spectroscopy (IMRS) experimental setup - Materials
- RESULTS : Influence of the dry content of the polyol - Investigation of film drying and compositionPermalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18462
in COATINGS TECH > Vol. 7, N° 7 (07/2010) . - p. 38-42[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 012368 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible High-speed slot-die coating of primer layers for Li-ion battery electrodes : model calculations and experimental validation of the extended coating window depending on coating speed, coating gap and viscosity / Sandro Spiegel in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 21, N° 2 (03/2024)
PermalinkInvestigation of edge formation during the coating process of Li-ion battery electrodes / Sandro Spiegel in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 19, N° 1 (01/2022)
PermalinkInvestigation of interfacial instabilities with a two-layer slide coating process / Cornelia K. Buerkin in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 14, N° 5 (09/2017)
PermalinkInvestigation of the flow field in thin polymer films due to inhomogeneous drying / Philip Cavadini in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)
PermalinkLiquid film coating of small molecule OLEDs / Katharina Peters in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014)
PermalinkLocal heat transfer characteristics of a slot nozzle array for batch drying of thin films under industrial process conditions / Michael Baunach in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2015)
PermalinkMultilayer OLEDs with four slot die-coated layers / Lisa Merklein in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 16, N° 6 (11/2019)
PermalinkProcess-dependent conductivity and film homogeneity of slot-die-coated PEDOT:PSS–PVA composite films / Anna-Lena Riegel in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 14, N° 5 (09/2017)
PermalinkSlot die-coated blue SMOLED multilayers / Sebastian M. Raupp in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 14, N° 5 (09/2017)
PermalinkSlot die coating of lithium-ion battery electrodes : investigations on edge effect issues for stripe and pattern coatings / Marcel Schmitt in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 11, N° 1 (01/2014)
PermalinkSlot die stripe coating of low viscous fluids / Sebastian M. Raupp in JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, Vol. 15, N° 5 (09/2018)
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