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Natural approach to improving light fastness of a leather dyed with a microbial colorant / Pandey Sudha in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016) . - p. 315-324 Titre : Natural approach to improving light fastness of a leather dyed with a microbial colorant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pandey Sudha, Auteur ; C. Gupta, Auteur ; S. Aggarwal, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 315-324 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Acacia et constituants Antioxydants Colorants microbiens Cuir nappa Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés mécaniques Cuirs et peaux -- Teinture Cuirs et peaux de chèvres Emulsions Gommes végétales Photostabilité Tanins Vitamine E Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Microbial colorants are becoming popular because they have the potential to overcome disadvantages of synthetic and natural dyes. However, for commercialization, their after dyeing characteristics especially light fastness needs to be improved preferably using natural agents to make the complete dyeing process eco-benign. Therefore, in this study, eco-friendly tannins and antioxidants were employed to improve the light fastness of wet blue goat nappa skin dyed with the colorant of Penicillium minioluteum. Their effect on color strength, fastness properties, and mechanical strength were also assessed. As a result, the only sample treated with tannic acid before dyeing showed moderate light fastness with improved perspiration, tear, and tensile strength. Further improvement in light fastness was recorded when tannic acid treated and dyed sample was padded with vitamin E - gum acacia emulsion (10% vitamin E, 10% glycerol, 4.5% gum acacia powder). Here, improvement in perspiration and rub fastness was also noticed. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Dyed wet blue goat nappa skin - Treating leather with tanning - Treating dyed leather with antioxidants - Testing treated samples for light fastness and other properties - treating with vitamine E - Gum acacia emulsion - RESULTS : Treatment with tannins and antioxidants - Treatment with vitamin E - Gum acacia emulsion - DISCUSSION : Treatment with tannins and antioxidants - Treatment with vitamin E - Gum acacia emulsion En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cx5Iqe0Pvdyw85hMjOvrmRCmGXlJY5kJ/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26918 [article]

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Activated carbon from leather shaving waste. Part I. Pyrolysis and physical activation / Patricia Poletto in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016) . - p. 325-333 Titre : Activated carbon from leather shaving waste. Part I. Pyrolysis and physical activation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Patricia Poletto, Auteur ; Aline Dettmer, Auteur ; Vinicius Marcondes Bacca, Auteur ; Gabriela Carvalho Collazzo, Auteur ; Edson Luiz Foletto, Auteur ; Marcelo Godinho, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 325-333 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Caractérisation Charbon actif Cuirs et peaux -- Déchets -- Recyclage Gaz Huiles et graisses Pyrolyse La pyrolyse est la décomposition ou thermolyse d'un composé organique par la chaleur pour obtenir d'autres produits (gaz et matière) qu'il ne contenait pas. L'opération est réalisée en l'absence d'oxygène ou en atmosphère pauvre en oxygène pour éviter l'oxydation et la combustion (L’opération ne produit donc pas de flamme). Il s'agit du premier stade de transformation thermique après la déshydratation. Elle permet généralement d'obtenir un solide carboné, une huile et un gaz. Elle débute à un niveau de température relativement bas (à partir de 200 °C) et se poursuit jusqu'à 1 000 °C environ. Selon la température, la proportion des trois composés résultants est différente. Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Leather industry plays an important role in the world economy. However, the waste generated by this industry can be an environmental problem. Pyrolysis can be an alternative for reusing this waste since it generates useful liquid, gas, and solid fractions. In the present study, leather shaving waste was converted into activated carbon through pyrolysis. The bio-oil produced consisted of over 75% of nitrogenated compounds and 10% of phenols. H2, CO, CH4 and CO2 were detected in the gas produced. The solid fraction (char - a carbonaceous material) was subjected to activation process for a porous structure development. Tests indicated that temperature (700°C and 900°C) had a significant effect on the burn-off and on the surface area. The high temperature tested (900°C) contributed to the development of the highest surface area (241.4 m2g-1) and the highest pore volume in the pore size region of 40 Ã…. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Leather shaving waste characterization - Pyrolysis process and characterization of the products - Production and characterization of activated carbon - Textural properties of activated carbon - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Characterization of leather shaving waste - Pyrolysis process - Characterization of the pyrolysis products char (Oil characterization - Gas characterization) - Effect of physical activation - Textural properties En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TTcpzo5tpxpfg2QJmhVWRBfj3x66l_dz/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26919 [article]

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Examination of multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from salted cattle hides and sheep skins / Meral Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016) . - p. 334-344 Titre : Examination of multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from salted cattle hides and sheep skins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Meral Birbir, Auteur ; K. Ulusoy, Auteur ; Pinar Caglayan, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 334-344 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antibiotiques Cuirs et peaux -- Microbiologie Cuirs et peaux de bovins Cuirs et peaux de moutons Entérobactériacées Résistances aux antibiotiques Tests microbiologiques Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Antibiotic resistance profiles in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from salted cattle hides and sheep skin samples were examined in this study. Antibiotic resistance profiles of 27 cattle hide and 28 sheep skin isolates, obtained from five salted cattle hide and five skin samples originating in different countries such as Dubai, Turkey, Israel, Australia, Lebanon, U.S.A. and South Africa, were examined by disc diffussion susceptibility method using 24 different antimicrobial agents. Seventy percent of the salted hide isolates and sixty-eight percent of the salted sheep skin isolates exhibited resistance to three or more of 24 antimicrobial agents used. Less than 50% of the isolates was resistant to tobramycin (13%), cephalothin (16%), tetracycline (16%), amoxycillin-clavulanate (25%), ampicillin-sulbactam (29%), piperacillin-tazobactam (38%), cefoxitin (20%), ceftriaxone (45%), ceftazidime (33%), cefuroxime sodium (45%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (25%), ampicillin (45%), chloramphenicol (35%) and nalidixic acid (42%). Although 71% of isolates exhibited resistance to aztreonam, all isolates were susceptible to norfloxacin. Resistance to amikacin (5%), streptomycin (9%), kanamycin (9%), gentamicin (5%), imipenem (4%), meropenem (2%), ciprofloxacin (5%) and ofloxacin (2%) was not very common among the isolates. Our research results showed that multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were common on both salted cattle hide and sheep skin samples. Therefore, we suggest effective antibacterial applications during salt curing of hides and skins to eradicate these multidrug-resistant bacteria in the leather industry. Note de contenu : - Test microorganisms - Antibiotic susceptibility test En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/10tAONaxYP7uKDLhC73gWcTwmfYP7uFAk/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26920 [article]

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Neutral protease assisted low-sulfide hair-save unhairing based on pH-sensitivity of enzyme / Yunhang Zeng in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 9 (09/2016) . - p. 345-353 Titre : Neutral protease assisted low-sulfide hair-save unhairing based on pH-sensitivity of enzyme Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yunhang Zeng, Auteur ; Qian Yang, Auteur ; Ya-Nan Wang, Auteur ; Jianfei Zhou, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 345-353 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chaux Cuirs et peaux de bovins Epilage enzymatique Peptidases Sulfure de sodium Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : The mass transfer of protease in hide during enzymatic unhairing was first investigated by fluorescent tracer technique. It was found that the penetration rate of protease in hide was quite slow, and protease remained on the grain/papillary layer even after removal of hair, which is the main reason why enzymatic unhairing may cause grain damage or loose grain. But protease could effectively remove epidermis in a short time. From these phenomena, we developed an enzyme assisted low-sulfide hair-save unhairing (EALS unhairing) based on pH-sensitivity of neutral protease activity. To avoid risk of hide damage, soaked cattle hide (pH 8) was first treated with neutral protease (20 units/g hide) for 40 min at 22°C to cleave epidermis but not to unhair, and then 1% lime was immediately added both for inactivation of the neutral protease (pH>12) and for hair immunization. Finally, the hide was completely unhaired by using 0.8% sodium sulfide with intact hair shaft. The smartly controlled action of protease, as well as the synergistic effect of protease, lime and sulfide, ensured the complete removal of hair and epidermis with reduced offer of chemicals, and prevented pelts from defects. The crust leather processed by using EALS unhairing had a cleaner grain surface compared with that using conventional sulfide-lime unhairing. Additionally, the physical properties of the leather processed with EALS unhairing were comparable to those of conventional leather. Sulfide, total solids, suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand in the EALS unhairing effluent were markedly reduced due to a dramatic decrease in the input of sodium sulfide and lime as well as the recovery of hair. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Visualization and quantification of protease in cattle hide during enzymatic unhairing - Effect of enzymatic unhairing time on damage to hide collagen - Effect of pH on proteolytic activity on neutral protease - Effect of pH on hydrolysable action of neutral protease on collagen fiber - Comparison between low-sulfide hair unhairing (LS unhairing) and enzyme assisted low-sulfide hair-save unhairing (EALS unhairing) - Comparison between conventional sulfide-lime unhairing and EALS unhairing - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Penetration of protease in hide during enzymatic unhairing - Enzyme assisted low-sulfide hair-save unhairing (EALS unhairing - Comparison of conventional sulfide-lime unhairing and EALS unhairing En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bgCly-2SyNUBAWzubdqkDIuxdO4UeG2z/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26921 [article]

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