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Effect of different unhairing methods on the ionic liquid based fiber opening process / Z. Mohammad Jamal Azhar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016) . - p. 206-212 Titre : Effect of different unhairing methods on the ionic liquid based fiber opening process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Z. Mohammad Jamal Azhar, Auteur ; Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar, Auteur ; Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao, Auteur ; Nishad Fathima Nishter, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 206-212 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Propriétés organoleptiques Eaux usées -- Analyse Environnement -- Etudes d'impact Epilage Liquides ioniques Morphologie (matériaux) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Leather processing is known to impact the environment, especially the pre-tanning processes. Lime sludge is one of the major concerns for the industry. Application of ionic liquid (1- butyl 3- methylimidazolium chloride) instead of conventional reliming practice can reduce this problem to a large extent. In this study, the effect of different unhairing process on the fiber opening using ionic liquids has been studied. The extent of fiber opening was assessed for both control and experimental pelts through SEM analysis. The experimental pelts were found to have better fiber opening than the control. The ionic liquid fiber opened pelts were tanned and the spent liquors were assessed for the chrome content, COD, TDS. The results indicate that all the environmental parameters are better or on par with the conventional process. The final leathers made were also found to have physical characteristics similar to that of conventionally limed leathers. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Ionic liquid based fiber opening process - Morphological analysis - Physical characteristics - Spent liquor analysis - Organoleptic properties - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of IL fiber opening on shrinkage temperature of leathers - Effect of IL opening on physical strength characteristics of leathers - Effect of IL fiber opening on fiber structure of leathers - Environmental impact analysis - Organoleptic properties - Significance of the study En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SXoeTcMOxVlJGWn8TLuxIi2V5DQXDW7f/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26438 [article]

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Performance of antimicrobial agents for the preservation of chrome leather / Juliana T. Fontoura in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016) . - p. 221-229 Titre : Performance of antimicrobial agents for the preservation of chrome leather Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Juliana T. Fontoura, Auteur ; D. Ody, Auteur ; Mariliz Gutterres, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 221-229 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Absorption Adsorption Antifongiques Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Cuirs et peaux -- Lavage Tests microbiologiques Wet-blue (tannage) Peau tannée au chrome (le chrome donne une couleur bleue) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Fungal growth in leathers causes significant damages like stains, surface roughness and loss of physical-mechanical resistance. This raises the need to develop control strategies by the use of antimicrobial agents. Considering the improving processes with regard to the use of antimicrobial agents added in skins and leathers to prevent their contamination by fungi, this study aims to evaluate the performance of six antimicrobial agents conventionally used in the leather industry, against four different fungi. These agents were applied during the chrome tanning process. Accelerated microbiological assays (tests plating and incubation on tropical chamber) were performed, as well as sorption and wash-out testing of three selected antimicrobial agents by UV/VIS spectrophotometry and verification of surface biodeterioration through SEM. Antimicrobial agents 2-thiocyanomethylthio benzothiazole (TCMTB) and Aqueous dispersion of 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one + methyl Nbenzimidazol- 2-ylcarbamate (OIT+BMC/water) showed antifungal capacity against different fungi tested applied in concentration of 0.2% (weight leather base). In the tropical chamber test, for the five samples of wet-blue leather treated with antimicrobial agents the growth of fungus was not observed. From the antimicrobial agents subjected to sorption testing and wash out, the TCMTB based antimicrobial agent presented rapid and high sorption in wet blue leather and also has resistance to washing. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Materials and application of antimicrobial agents to leather - Plating test - Incubation in a tropical chamber - Sorption and wash out - Scanning electron microscope images - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Plating test - Incubation in a tropical chamber - Sorption and wash out - Scanning electron microscope studies En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wr6V_36Odg8tKYVy7fxXCr8ixeXIZkYH/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26439 [article]

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Effect of sodium chloride on structure of collagen fiber network in pickling and tanning / Li Xinxin in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016) . - p. 230-237 Titre : Effect of sodium chloride on structure of collagen fiber network in pickling and tanning Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Li Xinxin, Auteur ; Ya-Nan Wang, Auteur ; Jing Li, Auteur ; Bi Shi, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 230-237 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Chlorure de sodium Le chlorure de sodium est un composé chimique de formule NaCl. On l'appelle plus communément sel de table ou de cuisine, ou tout simplement sel dans le langage courant. C'est le principal produit dissous dans l'eau de mer ; on l'appelle alors sel marin. On l'obtient : dans des marais salants par évaporation de l'eau de mer, dans des mines, par extraction du sel gemme (halite) ou en le synthétisant lors de réactions à hautes températures entre du dichlore (Cl2) et du sodium métallique (Na). Le chlorure de sodium est utilisé dans l'industrie chimique pour produire du chlore, de la soude caustique et de l’hydrogène. Collagène Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse Picklage Le picklage consiste à faire absorber à la peau en tripe une quantité importante d'acide, en présence de sel neutre (NaCl) pour réprimer le gonflement que provoquerait l'acidité du milieu. Porosité Surfaces -- Analyse Tannage organique Wet-white (tannage) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Tannery wastewater usually contains a high salinity due to the use of sodium chloride (NaCl) in curing and pickling. Although some no pickle tanning and salt-free pickling technologies were developed, few of them have been widely used due to relatively poor mechanical and bulk properties of the resultant leathers. Therefore, the role of NaCl in pickling and tanning should be investigated in the first place. In this study, bated pelts were pickled by salt-free pickling and conventional salt-assisted pickling processes, respectively, and then tanned by chrome tanning agent. The hierarchical structures of collagen fiber network of the pickled pelts and leathers were observed by optical microscope and SEM, while the porosity of leathers was measured. The results showed that the fiber bundles of the pelt pickled in the presence of NaCl were more sufficiently dispersed compared with those of salt-free pickled pelt. Both of the chrome tanned leathers had a regular arrangement of collagen fibers, but the leather with salt assisted pickling presented remarkably higher degree of fiber dispersion, as well as larger porosity. Moreover, the role of NaCl in organic tanning using an amphoteric organic tanning agent was investigated. The results also showed that the presence of NaCl in tanning could improve the opening up of collagen fiber network and the porosity of the leather. In general, NaCl used in leather processing presented a positive effect in consideration of leather quality. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Preparation of pickled pelts - Preparation of tanned leathers (chrome tanned leather and TWT tanned leathers) - Histological staining - Scanning electron microscopy - BET surface area analysis - Capillary flow porometry - Measurement of porosity of pelt/leather - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Effect of NaCl on the fibrous network in pickling - Effect of NaCl on the fibrous network in chrome tanning - Effect of NaCl on the fibrous network in tanning with amphoteric organic tanning agent En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BP0XLIpHij9jDQmZ5ZbP6TT2jZpnSGXs/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26440 [article]

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An examination of antimicrobial activity of lining leathers fatliquored with essential oils / Elzbieta Bielak in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXI, N° 6 (06/2016) . - p. 213-220 Titre : An examination of antimicrobial activity of lining leathers fatliquored with essential oils Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elzbieta Bielak, Auteur ; Ewa Marcinkowska, Auteur ; Justyna Sygula-Cholewinska, Auteur ; Jan Golonka, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p. 213-220 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Antimicrobiens Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Huiles essentielles Produits de conservation du cuir Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : To prevent losses caused by microbiological decay of leathers during technological processing, biocidal and biostatic chemical agents are used. They are introduced into the material structure at various stages of the tanning process. It has been shown that some of these agents are not neutral to human health and to the environment. Thus, substitutes for chemical preparations of appropriate efficiency in control of bacteria and fungi, but being safe to humans and the environment are sought. Suitability has been adequately confirmed by research performed worldwide on essential oils. In this paper antimicrobial resistance of lining leathers protected with essential oils extracted from plants Cinnamomum verum, Eucalyptus globulus, Origanum vulgare, Leptospermum scoparium and Thymus vulgaris is investigated. They were introduced into the leather at the fatliquoring stage at 5% per weight of leather. Antimicrobial activity of samples oiled with essential oils and controls (without these oils) was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeasts Candida albicans after 1 and 6 months. The growth inhibition zone around leather samples and microorganism growth, or lack of growth, within the sample-medium contact zone was determined. Investigations have confirmed the efficiency of three of five proposed oils: oregano, cinnamon and thyme. The strongest and most longlasting antimicrobial activity was observed for leathers preserved with oregano oil. Insufficient effect was found for leathers oiled with manuka and eucalyptus oils. Note de contenu : - MATERIAL : Leather - Essential oils - METHODS : Preparing leather for testing - Microbiological examination En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xNdsrdg9HNPYLjDvI0PNLgaYi_VZhvZ5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26441 [article]

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