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Studies on treatment of tannery wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor / M. Dinesh Kumar in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004) . - p. 361-366 Titre : Studies on treatment of tannery wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Dinesh Kumar, Auteur ; R. Manoj Kumar, Auteur ; R. Ganesh, Auteur ; R. A. Ramanujam, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 361-366 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) technology was studied to optimize various process control parameters for effective removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from tannery wastewater. Laboratory scale aerobic SBRs fed with primary treated tannery wastewater were operated at 8, 10 and 12 hour time cycles to study the removal efficiencies of BOD and COD with a view to select a time cycle where maximum removal efficiency was possible. Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was found to be a vital factor in the treatment of tannery wastewater by SBR technology. SBR technology with a 10-hour time cycle and an organic loading rate of 0.21 - 0.24 kg/m3.day was found to be optimum. The BOD and COD removal efficiencies were 85 - 93% and 70 - 75% respectively for 10 hour SBR operation cycle. Other process parameters like Food to Microorganism (F/M), Volumetric Exchange Ratio (VER) and Fill Time Ratio (FTR) were also optimised for the 10-hour time cycle. This research has confirmed the suitability of SBR technology especially for the treatment of wastewater from small-scale tanneries where the wastewater generation is intermittent and the characteristics are fluctuating depending upon the tanning process. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HP9AkYqIUq4Fh82L5Hd6bx3ybWAyq8J1/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4218 [article]

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Development of an integrated wet finishing process : manufacture of farment leathers / T. Ayyasamy in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004) . - p. 367-375 Titre : Development of an integrated wet finishing process : manufacture of farment leathers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Ayyasamy, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 367-375 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : In recent years, tanners have been showing interest in adopting several clean technologies due to increasing public pressure against the tanning activity because of the environmental damage. Tanning activity also engaged in huge consumption of water, power, chemicals and labor. A compact wet finishing process has been developed for making garment leathers. The process provides leathers having comparable or even better physical and bulk properties to that derived from conventional wet finishing process. Especially, color and softness of the processed leathers are much improved, which are substantiated through reflectance, color, and softness measurements. This has been attributed to the improved uptake of dyes, fatliquors and chromium through an integrated wet finishing process. This is also supported by the reduced pollution loads such as COD, TS and chromium loads redueced by 23, 30 and 50%, respectively. Importantly, the water consumption is reduced by 73% for processing 1 metric ton of wet blue shaved leathers, which is one of the pioneering achievements. Techno-economic viability study indicates that the integrated process is commercially viable. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1x3DM-_TZeGrt_4HM7NLMQVNuhnYZxo5H/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4219 [article]

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Potential interactions of the C-terminal telopeptides of bovine type I collagen / Eleanor M. Brown in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004) . - p. 376-377 Titre : Potential interactions of the C-terminal telopeptides of bovine type I collagen Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eleanor M. Brown, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 376-377 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Type I collagen, the primary substrate for the tanning industry, is comprised of two al(I) and one a2(I) chains containing more than 3000 amino acid residues. More than 95% of each protein chain of the fibrillar collagenshas a repeating tripeptide sequence, Glycine-X-Y, where X and Y are often proline and hydroxyproline. This amino acid sequence imposes a rigid helical structure that coils into a triple helix and becomes the basis for supramolecular structures that give shape and integrity to organisms. The remaining 4% to 5% of the collagen molecule is composed of short extensions (telopeptides), without the tripeptide repeat, at the amino and carboxyl termini of the triple helix. These telopeptide regions, unlike the helical segments, are highly flexible, allowing reactive side-chains containing amine and carboxyl groups to assume conformations favorable for interactions with adjacent triple helix chains. Published reports of possible conformations for the carboxy terminal telopeptides of type I collagen were based on spectroscopic studies of the isolated peptides or on analysis of their amino acid sequences. The ERRC collagen microfibril model makes it possible to evaluate these predictions in the context of a supramolecular collagen structure. A conformation based on the collagen triple helix and a similar conformation predicted from NMR studies could be located within the gap region of the microfibril and would be suitable for interactions with neighboring triple helices. Conformations developed from solution studies of isolated peptides resulted in a telopeptide chain protruding out of the microfibril, and toward more distant helices. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KCNpWkXOxE_JKQY3JjKI32dBPrWELGc5/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4220 [article]

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The use of oxidative chemicals for the removal of hair from cattle hides in the beamhouse / William N. Marmer in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. XCIX, N° 9 (09/2004) . - p. 386-392 Titre : The use of oxidative chemicals for the removal of hair from cattle hides in the beamhouse Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : William N. Marmer, Auteur ; Robert L. Dudley, Auteur Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : p. 386-392 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Conventional dehairing employs salts of sulfide for the reductive degradation and removal of hair from hides. Although sulfide salts are very efficient and effective in the removal of hair; their use is environmentally costly because they contribute to biological and chemical oxygen demand. In addition, the salts could react with acid to produce toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. In our ongoing study of the use of alkaline oxidative chemicals as replacements for sulfides in the beamhouse, we have developed three different dehairing protocols -- alkaline sodium perborate and alkaline hydrogen peroxide amended with either potassium cyanate or urea. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide/urea was very effective in removing hair, but it also led to extensive damage to the hide. Alkaline sodium perborate effectively removed the hair from cattle hides without any sign of grain damage. Leather produced from hides that had been dehaired using the sulfide-free dehairing had at least as good physical properties as leather produced from hides dehaired using sulfide. In addition, the uptake of the dyes used to make crust leather was better for the hides that had been oxidatively dehaired relative to those that had been sulfide-dehaired. En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lshCecoD_Cj7QKl_qEiaBIbshVNfBN7R/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4221 [article]

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