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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) . Vol. CVIII, N° 2Mention de date : 02/2013Paru le : 10/02/2013 |
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierMoisture desorption characteristics of raw sheep and goat skins : A tool for eco-friendly method of preservation / D. Murugan in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)
[article]
Titre : Moisture desorption characteristics of raw sheep and goat skins : A tool for eco-friendly method of preservation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : D. Murugan, Auteur ; C. L. Rai, Auteur ; M. Sivarajan, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p. 32-40 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation
Cuirs et peaux -- Séchage
Cuirs et peaux de chèvres
Cuirs et peaux de moutons
DésorptionIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Preservation of animal skins by conventional salt or brine curing methods leads to environmental pollution. Controlled drying up to acceptable moisture levels could be an effective, cleaner and environmentally friendly alternative for skin preservation. The selection of optimum storage and drying conditions requires the knowledge of moisture desorption isotherms. Hence this work focuses on the experimental determination of desorption isotherms for south Indian sheep and goat skins at three different temperatures 30, 40 and 45°C. The goodness of fit of four sorption models to experimental results was determined. Of the models tested, the modified Oswin gave the best fit followed by modified Halsey. Modified Henderson and modified Chung Pfost models showed relatively larger deviations from the experimental values. The deviation was larger in sheep skins compared to goat skins. The net isosteric heat of sorption was determined for both sheep and goat skins using the Clausius - Clapeyron equation and is expressed mathematically as an empirical polynomial function of equilibrium moisture content. The net isosteric heat of sorption for sheep skin was higher than the goat skin. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Methods (Estimation of free and bound moisture - Pre-drying - Drying studies at thermodynamic equilibrium) - Analysis of sorption data - Determination of heat of sorption
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS : Free ant total moisture - Moisture sorption isotherms - Fitting sorption models to experimental isotherms - Heat of sorption
En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ze2saxW5H9hEVP6I4SQqh6WKFVpVHst_/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17367
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14610 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Determination of fungicides in residual tanning floats using solid phase micro extraction / Joaquim Font in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)
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Titre : Determination of fungicides in residual tanning floats using solid phase micro extraction Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joaquim Font, Auteur ; M. Reyes, Auteur ; Sara Cuadros, Auteur ; Anna Bacardit, Auteur ; Lluis Ollé, Auteur ; Agusti Marsal, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p. 41-47 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Adsorption
Antifongiques
Chromatographie en phase liquide à hautes performances
Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation
Désorption
DivinylbenzèneLe divinylbenzène (ou diéthénylbenzène en nomenclature systématique) est un hydrocarbure aromatique de formule C10H10. Comme son nom l'indique, il est constitué d'un noyau de benzène substitué par deux groupements vinyle (–CH=CH2). Il existe trois isomères du divinylbenzène, en fonction des positions relatives des groupements vinyle sur le noyau benzénique : 1. le 1,2-divinylbenzène ou orthodivinylbenzène, 2. le 1,3-divinylbenzène ou métadivinylbenzène, 3. le 1,4-divinylbenzène ou paradivinylbenzène.
PROPRIETES : Les composés ortho et méta sont à température et pression normales des liquides incolores, inflammables, irritant pour les muqueuses et se polymérisant facilement. Le composé para, dû à sa configuration particulière, a une température de fusion bien plus haute que les autres isomères (31 °C contre −67 °C pour les deux autres) et est donc solide à température ambiante. Ces trois composés sont insolubles dans l'eau.
UTILISATION : Les divinylbenzènes sont utilisés comme agent de réticulation dans des copolymères du polystyrène, ce qui réduit leur solubilité dans les solvants organiques, augmente leur résistance physique, leur dureté, leur résistance à la chaleur, sans affecter leur aspect et leurs propriétés optiques ou électriques.
Extraction en phase solide
PolydiméthylsiloxaneLe polydiméthylsiloxane —[O-Si(CH3)2]n—, ou poly(diméthylsiloxane) selon la nomenclature systématique, communément appelé PDMS ou diméthicone, est un polymère organominéral de la famille des siloxanes souvent présent dans les shampoings. On l'y ajoute pour augmenter le volume des cheveux mais il peut également aller boucher les pores du cuir chevelu et rendre les cheveux gras. C'est une des raisons pour lesquelles se laver les cheveux tous les jours est très déconseillé avec un shampooing contenant des silicones.
Il existe également de l'amodiméthicone, qui est un dérivé du diméthicone.
Le polydiméthylsiloxane est un additif alimentaire (E900), utilisé comme antimoussant dans les boissons (Coca-Cola BlāK).
La chaîne de poly(diméthylsiloxane) forme également la structure de base des huiles et des caoutchoucs silicones.Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was optimized for extraction of the leather preservative agents 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)-benzothiazole (TCMTB), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (PCMC), 2-phenylphenol (OPP), 2-Octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone (OIT), 2-mercaptobenzothiazol (MBT) and 3-iodo-2-propynyl-butylcarbamate (IPBC) in spent tanning floats. Determination was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photo diode array detection (PDA). The following parameters were studied to achieve the maximum efficiency in extraction: fiber type, adsorption conditions (extraction time, ionic strength, temperature) and desorption parameters (time, temperature and composition of the desorption solvent). Results indicate that SPME using a 60µm polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber is appropriate for the extraction of these types of compounds. Recoveries ranged from 82% to 116% with RSDs between ±8% and ±12% and limits of detection below 1 mg/L except for IPBC. The optimized procedure was successfully applied for the determination of leather preservatives in eleven residual tanning floats taken from different companies. This method enables us to determine quantitatively the fungicides contained in the residual floats. Consequently, it will constitute a very useful tool to improve the preservative uptake in leather manufacturing processes. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL : Materials - Instrumentation - Samples - Procedure
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Fiber choice and development of desorption conditions - Adsorption conditions - Validation (linearity - Recovery and precision - Limits of detection and limits of quantification - Robustness of calibration) - Analyses of real samplesEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wku4fCcOK1qCDxOmZpiH6SqkzGjpSOCP/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17368
in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013) . - p. 41-47[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14610 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Methods of isolation and identification of pathogenic and potential pathogenic bacteria from skins and tannery effluents / Anne Lama in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)
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Titre : Methods of isolation and identification of pathogenic and potential pathogenic bacteria from skins and tannery effluents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne Lama, Auteur ; Margaret Bates, Auteur ; Anthony D. Covington, Auteur ; Stuart C. Allen, Auteur ; A. Paula M. Antunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bactéries -- Identification
Bactéries -- Isolement
Bactéries pathogènes
Cuirs et peaux -- Analyse
Eaux usées -- AnalyseIndex. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Currently there is no standard protocol available within the leather industry to isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria from hides, skins or tannery effluent. This study was therefore carried out to identify simple but effective methods for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens from the effluent and skins during leather processing. Identification methods based on both phenotypic and genotypic characteristics were investigated. Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used as indicator bacteria to evaluate the isolation and identification methods. Decontaminated calfskins were inoculated with a pure culture of the above mentioned bacterial species followed by pre-tanning and chromium tanning processes. Effluent samples were collected and skins were swabbed at the end of each processing stage. Bacterial identification was carried out based on the phenotypic characteristics; such as colony appearance on selective solid media, cell morphology following a standard Gram-staining and spore staining techniques, and biochemical reactions, e.g., the ability of a bacterial species to ferment particular sugars and ability to produce certain enzymes. Additionally, an identification system based on bacterial phenotypic characteristics, known as Biolog® system was applied. A pulsed-filed gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method for bacterial DNA fingerprinting was also evaluated and used for the identification of the inoculated bacteria. The methods described in the study were found to be effective for the identification of pathogenic bacteria from skins and effluent. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Isolation and primary identification of inoculated bacterial species - Gram-staining and spore-staining - Biochemical following standard methods - The biolog system for bacterial identification - Extraction and purification of bacterial DNA for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (Bacillus cereux - Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - Digestion of the bacterial DNA - Electrophoresis of bacterial DNA
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Bacterial growth on selective media (Bacillus cereus - Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - Gram-staining and spore-staining - Biochemical tests - The biolog system for bacterial identification - Electrophoresis of bacterial DNAEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-cjGV1x0pnaNgB2dUiGLRtm5YRBYxREf/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17372
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14610 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible Ultrasound extraction of valonea tannin. Part II : Effects on tannin structure and tanning ability in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CVIII, N° 2 (02/2013)
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Titre : Ultrasound extraction of valonea tannin. Part II : Effects on tannin structure and tanning ability Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p. 63-71 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Extraction par ultrasons
Tanins
Tanins -- analyseIndex. décimale : 675.2 Préparation du cuir naturel. Tannage Résumé : Ultrasound extraction of valonea tannin and its effects on extraction yields in comparison with conventional extraction method was examined in our previous study. Since the extraction conditions are very effective on the characteristics of the tannins, in the present part of the study the tannins obtained by conventional and ultrasonic extraction methods were examined comperatively in terms of their tanning ability, filling properties and molecular structure (by MALDI-TOF). The results demonstrated that while increasing extraction temperatures were increasing filling coefficients of the tannins in conventional extraction, increasing ultrasonic power were decreasing the filling coefficients in ultrasonic extraction. The MALDI-TOF analysis results revealed that whereas in conventional extraction, high extraction temperatures (90°C) caused an onset of some minor fragmentations; in ultrasonic extractions, high ultrasonic powers (100W) caused significant decompositions on valonea tannin. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Material - Methods (Tanning of skins with extract solutions - Determination of tanning properties of extracted tannins - MALDI-TOF analysis of extracted tannins
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Findings regarding tanning properties of the extracted tannins - MALDI-TOF analysis resultsEn ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/15E2HjYKUScB_w5JdLj88zUpkusCwkJy6/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17373
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 14610 - Périodique Bibliothèque principale Documentaires Disponible
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