Extracellular protease activities of extremely halophilic archaea and their control via direct electric current / Meral Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 92, N° 2 (03-04/2008)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 92, N° 2 (03-04/2008) . - p. 53-58 Titre : Extracellular protease activities of extremely halophilic archaea and their control via direct electric current Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Meral Birbir, Auteur ; Z. B. Ozdogru, Auteur ; Yasar Birbir, Auteur ; Ayse Ogan, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 53-58 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Bactéries halophiles Bain de saumure Courants continus Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Enzymes protéolytiques Une enzyme protéolytique est une enzyme capable de couper une protéine en plusieurs fragments ou peptides. La trypsine, la papaïne, la pepsine, la chymotrypsine, la plasmine, la subtilisine... sont capables de couper une protéine, chaque enzyme étant spécifique de certains sites particuliers de cette protéine. C'est ainsi, par exemple, qu'une immunoglobuline G est découpée par la papaïne en un fragment Fc et deux fragments Fab, comme l'a montré Porter en 1959. Microbiologie Peptidases Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Proteolytic enzymes which are produced by extremely halophilic Archaea present in salt may cause serious damage on salted hides and may result in significant economic losses in the leather industry. Hence, protease activities of 24 protease producing extremely halophilic archaeal strains isolated from Tuz Lake, Kaldırım and Kayacık salterns and Tuzköy salt mine were determined in this study. The protease activities of Tuz Lake, Kaldırım saltern, Kayacık saltern and Tuzköy salt mine strains were found as between 80.0 and 83.3, 81.1 and 83.8, 83.3 and 83.4, 82.0 and 83.4 Units, respectively. To prevent proteolytic haloarchaeal damage on brine cured hides, the protease producing strains were treated with 0.5A direct electric current for 20min. Although proteolytic strains of Tuz Lake and Tuzköy salt mine in the liquid gelatin media were killed by 0.5A direct electric current within 15min, 10min direct electric current treatment were enough to kill all proteolytic strains of Kaldırım and Kayacık salterns. Also, the effect of 0.5A direct electric current on protease activities of the test strains was examined during 20min treatment in this study. It was found that 0.5A direct electric current caused a slight decrease on protease activities of the test strains. Therefore, it is necessary to kill protease producing strains in brine solution with direct electric current before the excretion of their protease into the brine solution. Note de contenu : - Extremely halophilic strain - Protease activities of the extremely halophilic strains - Inactivation of the test strains with 0.5A direct electric current - Table 1 : Protease activities of extremely halophilic Archaea isolated from Tuz Lake, Kaldırım and Kayacık Salterns and Tuzköy Salt Mine - Table 2 : Voltage, temperature and rf values of 4 mixed proteolytic halophilic Archaea inactivated in the liquid gelatin media by 0.5A direct electric current within 20 minutes - Table 3 : The effect of 0.5A direct electric current on protease activities of some of the test strains during 20 minutes treatment En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gBbMoBdjmpLA6cnCaGdQjxhmAhOnxKZz/view?usp=share [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38930 [article]

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H.E.A.T. A new sustainable green solution for treating and evaporating hide brind wastewater / Russell H. Vreeland in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. CXVII, N° 2 (02/2022)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. CXVII, N° 2 (02/2022) . - p. 62-70 Titre : H.E.A.T. A new sustainable green solution for treating and evaporating hide brind wastewater Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Russell H. Vreeland, Auteur ; Long John, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 62-70 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bain de saumure Demande biochimique en oxygène Diversité bactérienne Eaux usées -- Stations de traitements Evaporation -- Mesure Lagunage Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Salt curing of hides releases a significant amount of excess water that must be disposed. In larger abattoirs this can result in production of tens of thousands of gallons of saturated salt brine that is also contaminated with biological material from the hides. These brines are often stored in enclosed impoundments that ultimately fill and need replacement, or the facility must build multiple impoundments. The proprietary, biologically based, sustainable Halophilic Evaporative Applications Technology (H.E.A.T.) process has been developed as a method to accelerate the evaporation of salt saturated brines. The process has been tested for 18 months in a full-scale lagoon located at an operating American beef plant. The process successfully evaporated an additional 31.99 inches of brine (866,900 gal) acre-1 of concentrated hide brine in one year, nearly drying out the South lagoon. Ambient evaporation of the same brine in an identical control lagoon at the site was only 19.19 inches (520,000 gallons) acre-1 representing a 1.66x increase in brine evaporation from the H.E.A.T. microbes. During 2020, the plant produced 3,376,000 gallons of brine, meaning H.E.A.T. evaporated 100.4 % of plant production in one lagoon in its first year. This was accomplished without additional infrastructure, equipment or external heating. During this test, Biochemical Oxygen Demand in the lagoons decreased over 98% with concomitant odor reduction. Beginning in October 2020, the lagoon began receiving all brine produced daily by the plant. This continued over the winter period, during which time the process evaporated over 34% of the inflow. Continued fertilization and microbial augmentation are essential for the continued healthy development of the system. Overall, the process and its essential microbial populations were stimulated by continuing inflow of fresh hide brines. The microbial process increases brine evaporation of concentrated salt brines, reduces odors and represents a new environmentally friendly mechanism for solving an industrial problem that has long plagued hide producers. Note de contenu : - MATERIALS AND METHODS : Purpose of the project - Hide lagoons - Evaporation measurement - Bacterial populations - Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) - Loss on ignition - RESULTS : Evaporation - Bacterial populations - Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) - Loss on ignition - Discussion - Table 1 : Evaporation in treated south lagoon over first 9 months of 2020 - Table 2 : Evaporation in untreated north lagoon over first 9 months of 2020 - Table 3 : South lagoon responses with all produced hide waste brines being added daily to the single lagoon. Some columns may not add up due to rounding errors while converting to decimal equivalents to reduce the size of the table. The full numbers are shown in the supplementary data files DOI : https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v117i2.4730 En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZOJeNqnBCVZ9Vd9XRKJt8oJvVoPDKsU4/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=37167 [article]

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Preservation of hides with sulfite. II. A matched side comparison of leathers from hides preserved with sodium sulfite or brine curing / David G. Bailey in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA), Vol. LXX (Année 1975)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION (JALCA) > Vol. LXX (Année 1975) . - p. 372-379 Titre : Preservation of hides with sulfite. II. A matched side comparison of leathers from hides preserved with sodium sulfite or brine curing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : David G. Bailey, Auteur ; William J. Hopkins, Auteur Année de publication : 1975 Article en page(s) : p. 372-379 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Américain (ame) Catégories : Bactéries -- Comptage Bain de saumure Croûte (cuir) On entend par "cuir en croûte" des cuirs ayant subi les opérations jusqu'au tannage, à l'exclusion de toute opération de corroyage ou de finissage, mais qui, par opposition aux wet-blue ont été séchés. Cuir d'ameublement Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Cuirs et peaux de bovins Essais dynamiques sulfite de sodium Tige de la chaussure Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : A matched side experiment was carried out to corroborate small scale studies on the effectiveness of an acidified sulfite solution" as a short-term preservation system for fresh hides. One side of each hide was conventionally sait cured and the other was treated with a 20 percent float containing 1.5 percent sodium sulfite and one percent acetic acid (on hide weight). Using six matched sides for each storage period, the sides were held six, 14, and 28 days at ambient temperatures. The leathers prepared from the preserved hides were tested for tensile strength, suitabilitv for lasting, and shrinkage temperature. The preservation was also monitored hy using microbial counts and noting the odor of the bides. The leathers made from sides held for all three storage periods were considered commercially acceptable. The results demonstrated that acidified sulfite provides an alternative to salt curing for the short-term preservation of hides. The new method reduces the dissolved solids in tannery effluents, an identified pollution problern caused hy the use of salt cured hides. In addition, the reduction of the microbial load in the preserved bides provides more sanitary conditions for hide handling. Note de contenu : - Table 1 : Microbial counts on preserved cowsides - Table 2 : Physical test data on garment light shoe upper leather (from sides preserved for 6 days) - Table 3 : Physical test data on upholstery leather in the crust (from sides preserved for 14 days) - Table 4 : Physical test data on finished garment light shoe upper leather (from sides preserved for 28 days) - Table 5 : Shrink temperatures of crust leathers (°C) En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/181glFLUG0sckHdP3A7ygugRLm-fMB1k9/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=38790 [article]

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Treatment using both direct and alternating electric currents on hide Bacteria in brine curing and pre-soaking liquors / Yasar Birbir in JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC), Vol. 98, N° 2 (03-04/2014)  

[article]  inJOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS & CHEMISTS (JSLTC) > Vol. 98, N° 2 (03-04/2014) . - p. 47-55 Titre : Treatment using both direct and alternating electric currents on hide Bacteria in brine curing and pre-soaking liquors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yasar Birbir, Auteur ; Nazli Dolek, Auteur ; Meral Birbir, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p. 47-55 Note générale : Bibliogr. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Bactéries -- Inactivation Bain de saumure Courants électriques Cuirs et peaux -- Conservation Electrolyse Peaux brutes -- Trempe Index. décimale : 675 Technologie du cuir et de la fourrure Résumé : Animal hides support the growth of highly diverse Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial populations. These bacterial populations cause important damage to the hides during brine curing and pre-soaking processes, subsequently reducing the quality of the final leather. It is usually difficult to combat the diverse resistance offered by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in these processes in a short time with conventional antimicrobials. Therefore, the present study examined the inactivation effect of a combined electric current treatment using both 1.5A direct and 2A alternating electric currents on: 1) each test isolate of Gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas luteola, Vibrio fluvialis) and their mixed culture; 2) each test isolate of Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus cohnii) and their mixed culture; 3) the mixed culture of test bacteria except for Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria (Bacillus pumilus); 4) the mixed culture of all bacteria in liquid media containing organic substances and 25% NaCI. The test bacteria were isolated from salt-pack-cured hides. Two, three and four log reduction factors of all test bacteria were observed after the application of the direct electric current applied together with alternating electric current treatment for 12, 26 and 34 minutes, respectively. As a conclusion, the combined electric treatment applied for 34 minutes was found to be fairly effective in reducing the bacterial cell count to a relatively low level at which bacterial damage to the hides is reduced in brine curing and pre-soaking liquors. Note de contenu : - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES : Test strains - Preparation of the test isolates - The electrolysis cell system - Inactivation of test bacteria with a combined treatment using both direct and alternating electric currents - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION : Use of electric currents reported in the literature En ligne : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WJtYPXZpN3vkjZY99o4AeFG3p4SMF9uK/view?usp=drive [...] Format de la ressource électronique : Pdf Permalink : https://e-campus.itech.fr/pmb/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21134 [article]

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